Microbial Genetics 2 Flashcards
Difference in the DNA sequences of a population
Genetic Variation
Change in DNA sequence of an organism
Mutation
Rearrangement of DNA sequence due to breakage and rejoining of chromosome
Genetic Recombination
Types of Mutation
Base substitution
Deletion
Insertion
It is the most common type or mutation also known as point mutation
Base substitution
Type of base substitution where purines are substituted by purines and pyrimidines with pyrimidines
Transition
Type of base substitution where purines are substituted by pyrimidines and vice versa
Transversion
Occurs when a base substitution occurs on the third base of the codon, and a synonymous codon will be generated
Silent
Occurs when the base substitution results in a new codon that codes for a new amino acid and leads to a different polypeptide chain
Missense
When the base substitution results in the generation of a stop codon
Nonsense
A type of mutation where one or more base pairs are lost, resulting to frame shift. It can alter the product or result in a non functional product
Deletions
A type of mutation where an additional base pair is inserted
Insertion
Chemical and physical agents that cause mutations
Mutagnens
T or F
UV light is absorbed by cytosine and thymine
T
These are replication errors which can lead to cell death
Thymine dimers