Catabolism Flashcards
Biochemical reactions leading to energy conservation (usually ATP) by the cell
Catabolic Reactions (Catabolism)
Form of anaerobic catabolism in which organic compounds both donate electrons and accept electrons, and redox balanced is achieved
Fermentation
Form of aerobic and anaerobic catabolism in which an organic or inorganic electron donor is oxidized with O2 or some other compounds
Respiration
True or false
Any metabolic process that leads to the uptake of oxygen and release of CO2 is considered respiration
True
A biochemical pathway in which glucose is oxidized to pyruvate which is either used in respiration or fermentation
Glycolysis
Type of catabolic reaction that yields lactate, ethanol,
Fermentation
Glycolysis is also called as
Emben-Meyerhof-Parnas Pathway
Stage of glycolysis in which preparatory reactions happen. These reactions are not redox and do not release but instead forms a key intermediate in the pathway
Stage I
Stage of glycolysis where redox reactions occur, energy is conserved, and two molecules of pyruvate are formed
Stage II
Redox balance is achieved and fermentation products are formed
Stage III
A cyclical series of reactions resulting in the conversion of acetate to two molecules of CO2
Citric Acid Cycle
Citric Acid Cycle is also called as
Tricarboxylic acid cycle or Krebs Cycle
A modification of the citric acid cycle in which isocitrate is cleaved to form succinate and glyoxylate during growth on two-carbon electron donors such as acetate
Glyoxylate cycle
The process where oxaloacetate regenerates from malate to maintain an acceptor for the citric acid cycle is called
Glyoxylate cycle
True or false
Oxaloacetate is also an important intermediate because it can be converted to phosphoenolpyruvate (a precursor glucose) if necessary
True
This enzyme is important because it provides the raw material for fatty acid biosynthesis
Acetate
A form of respiration in which oxygen is absent and alternative electron acceptors are reduced
Anaerobic respiration
Electron acceptors used in anaerobic respiration
Nitrate
Ferric iron
Sulfate
Carbon Dioxide
Fumarate (succinate)
The sum of all biosynthetic reactions in the cell. Biosynthesis of cell components from smaller precursors
Anabolic Reactions (Anoblism)
Are synthesized from activated forms of glucose either uridine diphosphoglucose or adenosine diphosphoglucose
Polysaccharide Bionsynthesis
True or false
Polysaccharides are biosynthesized by adding activated glucose to a preexisting polymer fragment
True
Biosynthesis of glucose, uses phophoenolpyruvate one of the intermediates of glycolysis
Glucogenesis
Are formed by the removal of one carbon atom from a hexose, typically as CO2
Pentose Metabolism
Major pathway for pentose production
Pentose Phosphate Pathway
They are monomers of protein
Amino Acids
Monomers of nucleic acids, and purines and pyrimidines
Nucleotides
Backbone of microbial lipids
Fatty Acids
True or false
Lipids cab also be carbon and energy reserves
True
Fatty acids are biosynthesized two carbon atoms at a time by the activity of a protein called_______
Acyl Carrier Protein (ACP)
What is the role of the Citric Acid Cycle
- Glucose respiration coupled to energy conversion
- Biosynthesis of key metabolites
