Catabolism

Question 1

Biochemical reactions leading to energy conservation (usually ATP) by the cell

Answer 1

Catabolic Reactions (Catabolism)

Question 2

Form of anaerobic catabolism in which organic compounds both donate electrons and accept electrons, and redox balanced is achieved

Answer 2

Fermentation

Question 3

Form of aerobic and anaerobic catabolism in which an organic or inorganic electron donor is oxidized with O2 or some other compounds

Answer 3

Respiration

Question 4

True or false

Any metabolic process that leads to the uptake of oxygen and release of CO2 is considered respiration

Answer 4

True

Question 5

A biochemical pathway in which glucose is oxidized to pyruvate which is either used in respiration or fermentation

Answer 5

Glycolysis

Question 6

Type of catabolic reaction that yields lactate, ethanol,

Answer 6

Fermentation

Question 7

Glycolysis is also called as

Answer 7

Emben-Meyerhof-Parnas Pathway

Question 8

Stage of glycolysis in which preparatory reactions happen. These reactions are not redox and do not release but instead forms a key intermediate in the pathway

Answer 8

Stage I

Question 9

Stage of glycolysis where redox reactions occur, energy is conserved, and two molecules of pyruvate are formed

Answer 9

Stage II

Question 10

Redox balance is achieved and fermentation products are formed

Answer 10

Stage III

Question 11

A cyclical series of reactions resulting in the conversion of acetate to two molecules of CO2

Answer 11

Citric Acid Cycle

Question 12

Citric Acid Cycle is also called as

Answer 12

Tricarboxylic acid cycle or Krebs Cycle

Question 13

A modification of the citric acid cycle in which isocitrate is cleaved to form succinate and glyoxylate during growth on two-carbon electron donors such as acetate

Answer 13

Glyoxylate cycle

Question 14

The process where oxaloacetate regenerates from malate to maintain an acceptor for the citric acid cycle is called

Answer 14

Glyoxylate cycle

Question 15

True or false

Oxaloacetate is also an important intermediate because it can be converted to phosphoenolpyruvate (a precursor glucose) if necessary

Answer 15

True

Question 16

This enzyme is important because it provides the raw material for fatty acid biosynthesis

Answer 16

Acetate

Question 17

A form of respiration in which oxygen is absent and alternative electron acceptors are reduced

Answer 17

Anaerobic respiration

Question 18

Electron acceptors used in anaerobic respiration

Answer 18

Nitrate
Ferric iron
Sulfate
Carbon Dioxide
Fumarate (succinate)

Question 19

The sum of all biosynthetic reactions in the cell. Biosynthesis of cell components from smaller precursors

Answer 19

Anabolic Reactions (Anoblism)

Question 20

Are synthesized from activated forms of glucose either uridine diphosphoglucose or adenosine diphosphoglucose

Answer 20

Polysaccharide Bionsynthesis

Question 21

True or false

Polysaccharides are biosynthesized by adding activated glucose to a preexisting polymer fragment

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Biosynthesis of glucose, uses phophoenolpyruvate one of the intermediates of glycolysis

Answer 22

Glucogenesis

Question 23

Are formed by the removal of one carbon atom from a hexose, typically as CO2

Answer 23

Pentose Metabolism

Question 24

Major pathway for pentose production

Answer 24

Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Question 25

They are monomers of protein

Answer 25

Amino Acids

Question 26

Monomers of nucleic acids, and purines and pyrimidines

Answer 26

Nucleotides

Question 27

Backbone of microbial lipids

Answer 27

Fatty Acids

Question 28

True or false

Lipids cab also be carbon and energy reserves

Answer 28

True

Question 29

Fatty acids are biosynthesized two carbon atoms at a time by the activity of a protein called_______

Answer 29

Acyl Carrier Protein (ACP)

Question 30

What is the role of the Citric Acid Cycle

Answer 30

1. Glucose respiration coupled to energy conversion
2. Biosynthesis of key metabolites