Viral Exanthems Flashcards
Mostly do supportive care.
Can do acyclovir if severe
Herpetic gingivostomatitis (HSV1 and HSV2)
Vesicles on a red base > shallow ulcers involving gingivae, palate, and tongue.
Fever, irritability, pain with eating
Herpetic gingivostomatitis (HSV1 and HSV 2)
Pruritic vesicles on erythematous (red) base in multiple stages of eruption and healing.
Uncommon due to vaccines. Seen in unvaccinated and immunosuppressed
Varicella zoster
Complication of systemic viremia or bacterial superinfection
Varicella zoster
Consider _______ for immunoCOMPROMISED patients who are exposed to varicella zoster
VZIG (varicella zoster immunoglobulin)
Avoid aspirin in risk of
Reye’s syndrome
Erythema infectiosum (fifth’s diease) is caused by
Parvovirus B19
Fever, chills, and headache.
See “slapped cheek” rash 2-3 DAYS LATER. Flat, erythematous rash on cheeks that evolves to lacy rash on trunk and legs that lasts 2-3 weeks
Erythema infectiosum (fifth’s disease) - parvovirus B19
Treatment for erythema infectiosum (fifth’s disease) - parvovirus B19
Supportive care
Roseola is caused by
HHV6 or HHV7 (human herpes virus)
High, spiking fevers that last for 3-5 days. Get a rash as fevers resolve.
Rash - poorly defined erythematous macules and papules on chest that spread outward from chest
HHV6 or HHV7 (human herpes virus)
Complications: Encephalitis.
First febrile seizure may be associated with infection.
HHV6 or HHV7 (human herpes virus)
Treatment for HHV6 or HHV7 (human herpes virus)
Supportive care only
Rubeola also known as
Measles
Fever with the 3 C’s (cough, coryza or runny nose, and conjunctivitis). Koplik spots in the mouth
Rubeola (measles)
- Fever with the 3 C’s (cough, coryza, conjunctivitis) and koplik spots
- Erythematous (red) papules 2-4 days later on face that spread downward from face
Rubeola (measles)
Complications: pneumonia, gastroenteritis, myocarditis, encephalitis
Rubeola (measles)
Consider ________ supplementation in patients with malnutrition or malabsorptive states with rubeola (measles)
Vitamin A
Fever, malaise, headache, and anorexia.
Affects glands and neural tissue.
PAROTID SWELLING. Orchitis and meningoencephalitis
Mumps
Treatment for mumps
Supportive care
- Fever, malaise, decreased appetite
2. Painful oral vesicles on erythematous (red) base in mouth AND on palms and soles of feet 1-2 days later
Hand foot and mouth disease (coxsackie virus)
Hand foot and mouth disease is caused by
Coxsackie virus
Treatment for hand foot and mouth disease (coxsackie virus)
Supportive care only. Resolves in 7-10 days
- Begins with “herald patch” - large, salmon colored, scaly lesion
- Lesions on trunk in “Christmas tree” pattern 5-10 days later
- Resolves in weeks to months
Pityriasis rosea
Supportive care mainly.
May improve more rapidly with UV light or erythromycin
Pityriasis rosea
