Vijayanagar & Bahamani Kingdoms Flashcards
state 4 causes of the decline of the Tughlaq dynasty
- royal treasury had been drained and depleted as a result of Muhammad Bin Tughlaq’s failed schemes and plans
- Firoz Shah Tughlaq proved to be a weak king because of his kindness and inability to read the military
- a civil war ensued among the descendants of Firoz Shah, and governors began to declare their independence
- between 1398-1399 CE Amir Timur plundered and invaded Delhi bringing an end to the mighty Delhi Sultanate
Who founded Vijayanagar and where?
- Harihara I and Bukka Raya I
- banks of Tungabhadra River in 1336 CE
What modern day places does Vijayanagar include?
Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala
Name the 4 dynasties that ruled Vijayanagar
Sangamas
Saluvas
Tuluvas
Aravidus
Which 5 foreigners visited and wrote about Vijayanagar?
Nicolo Conti
Fernao Nuniz
Domingo Paes
Buarto Barbosa
Abdur Razzaq
What the 8 things that Krishnadevaraya is known for?
- also called Andhra Bhoj
- conquered and annexed the Raichur Doab
- constructed dams and canals to improve irrigation and increase agricultural growth
- traded with Portugal and constructed many trading ports off Malabar Coast
- wrote two books: Amuktamalyas and Jambavati Kalyanam in Sanskrit
- had 8 court poets known as ashtadiggajas meaning ‘big elephant’
- built many temples such as Vittalaswami and Hazar Rama Temples
- established a city called Nagalapuram after his mother
Who were the 5 Deccan Sultanates?
Bijapur
Ahmadnagar
Berar
Golconda
Bidar
What was the administration like in Vijayanagar?
- kingdom
- provinces/ rajas (6)
- Districts (nadus)
- Villages (gramas)
What were the three main sources of income for Vijayanagar
- Agriculture ( huge developments and higher agricultural yields)
- Land Revenue ( taxes on land - encouraged by clearing out forests, building dams and canals etc)
- Trade
What were some exported items of Vijayanagar?
spices, cotton, sandalwood, coconuts, rice and sugar
What were some imported items of Vijayanagar?
arabian horses
elephants
chinese silk
What is the Krishna Temple meant to commemorate?
- defeat of Gajapathi kings of Utkala
Who discovered the ruins of Hampi and when?
1800s
Colonel Collin Mackenzie
Which two books were written about Hampi
A Forgotten Empire: Vijayanagar (Robert Sewell)
Hampi’s Ruins ( AH Longhurst)
Over what land did the Bahamani and Vijayanagara kingdoms clash?
Tungabhadra Doab
Krishna-Godavari Delta
Marathwada country
Who founded the Bahamani kingdom and when
(Alauddin Hassan) Alauddin Bahaman Shah - 1347
What were the two phases of the Bahamani Rule?
(1347-1422) Capital: Gulbarga
(1422-1538) Capital: Bidar
Where is the Raichur Doab?
b/w Krishna and Tungabhadra rivers
Where and when was Vijayanagara defeated?
1565
Battle of Talikota
Who was Mahmud Gawan?
the wazir/pm of Muhammad Shah III (greatest king of Bahamani Kingdom)
what are the 5 main points of Mahmud Gawan?
- extended the boundaries of his kingdom and included an important port like Goa
- administered well and encouraged agriculture (which in turn grew the economy)
- (learnt man) built madrasas in the capital of Bihar and donated books to it
- issued scholarships to the poor and needy students
- was a Pardesi noble and was ordered to be beheaded
What were the five independent states ruled by the Deccani Nobles?
Ahmednagar - Nizamshahi
Bijapur - Adil Shahi
Golconda - Qutb Shahi
Berar - Imad Shahi
Bidar - Barid Shahi
What are the three main architectural structures built by the Bahamani kingdom?
Jami Masjid at Gulbarga
Chand Minar at Bidar
Gol Gumbaz - Bijapur (karnataka)
Whose tomb is the Gol Gumbaz?
Adil Shah of Bijapur
