VIII. Introduction To Treatment Principles

Question 1

What is the model called that says: “if the intent to correct a subluxation, then any procedure used to accomplish that goal could be considered an adjustment”

Answer 1

Therapeutic intention model

Question 2

What is the model that says “an adjustment is defined by describing the procedure in detail. If the procedure used fits within specified parameters, it is considered an adjustment”

Answer 2

Physical attributes model

Question 3

What are the characteristics of an adjustment — articulate manipulation?

Answer 3

• Specific contacts of Dr.’s hand and location on the patient that is contacted
• Dynamic thrust of controlled depth, speed and direction, typically HVLA
• The thrust is delivered with joint’s anatomic integrity between elastic barrier and anatomic limit in the paraphysiological space
• Effects on the joint: joint separation, stretching, stimulation of joint mechaoreceptors and nociceptors
• Therapeutic effects : alleviate pain, decrease muscle spasm, increase joint mobility, increase soft tissue flexibility
• Joint cavitation

Question 4

What is mobilization?

Answer 4

The process of making a fixed part moveable

Question 5

What is Grade 1 mobilization?

Answer 5

Short amplitude from neutral (joint play)

Question 6

What is Grade 2 mobilization?

Answer 6

Larger amplitude from neutral (past joint play)

Question 7

What is Grade 3 mobilization?

Answer 7

Larger amplitude from midrange of motion to the elastic barrier

Question 8

What is Grade 4 mobilization?

Answer 8

Short amplitude to the elastic barrier

Question 9

What are the types of mobilization?

Answer 9

ROM
Traction
Gliding

Question 10

When would you use mobilization instead of adjustment?

Answer 10

When joints are too painful to adjust. When adjustment is contraindicated. When a patient doesn’t want to be adjusted.

Question 11

What are some types of muscle stretching?

Answer 11

• Post-Isometric Relaxation (PIR)
• Muscle Energy Techniques (METs)
• Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF)
• Contract Relax Antagonist Contract (CRAC)

Question 12

What are 4 methods of soft tissue manipulation?

Answer 12

• Massage
• Instrument assisted
• Pressure point techniques
• Visceral techniques

Question 13

What are 5 methods of Swedish massage?

Answer 13

Effleurage (sliding/gliding)
Pet triage (kneading)
Tapotement (rhythmic tapping)
Friction
Vibration/shaking

Question 14

What category of soft tissue massage would Rolfing and hot stones be put under?

Answer 14

Massage

Question 15

What are 3 examples of pressure point techniques?

Answer 15

• Active Release Technique (ART)
• Ischemic compression
• Accupressure

Question 16

Why use soft tissue massage?

Answer 16

When adjusting is not what the patient needs. When adjusting is not enough.

Question 17

Why do some chiropractors not do soft tissue manipulation?

Answer 17

It’s not in their scope of practice (like the state of Washington) or its time consuming or the chiropractic model differences of opinion

Question 18

What are the 9 non-manual therapies

Answer 18

• Physiological therapeutics
• Dietary and nutritional therapy/counseling
• Therapeutic and rehabilitative exercises
• Prescription of orthoses
• Application of supports, taping, casting
• Ergonomic counseling
• Stress management counseling
• Lifestyle changes and wellness care
• Recommended OTC (over the counter) medication
• Referral for drugs/surgery when needed