Video module 5

Question 1

Types of studies listed from the least to the most informative on the basis of their outcomes and the extent to which the outcomes carry the most evidentiary beliefs

Answer 1

Naturalistic observation -> case studies -> archival studies -> retrospective studies (ex post facto) -> intervention -> well-controlled experiments

Question 2

Being descriptive means describing the phenomenon not

Answer 2

explaining it

Question 3

Both case studies and archival studies

Answer 3

are sources of questions for future studies as well as providing information and of themselves

Question 4

intervention studies

Answer 4

where the investigator does something to intervene and measure the intervention’s effect.

Question 5

The fundamental threat

Answer 5

finding a confounding variable (CV) means finding a flaw. Cannot conclude that IV caused the change in the dependent variable. The confounding variable might have caused it.

Question 6

Confounding variables that are intrinsic to the participants

Answer 6

By intrinsic, we mean that they are relatively stable characteristics of the individual subject under study. They are not subject to change or manipulation. For example, age, gender, ethnicity

Question 7

Confounding variables that are extrinsic to the participants

Answer 7

By extrinsic, we meant that they are not relatively enduring characteristics of the subject. It is variable that is changeable. For example, self-selection into the groups

Question 8

Paradox of the confounding variable is that

Answer 8

today’s extraneous variable might be tomorrow’s confounding variable