VHD Relationships Female Pelvis and Perineum Flashcards
The divisions of the pelvic region are the ____________, __________ and the __________.
greater (false) pelvis, lesser (true) pelvis and perineum
The lesser (true) pelvis is located between the _____ and the _________.
pelvic inlet (from the promontory of the sacrum to the pubic symphysis along the arcuate line on the ilium) and the pelvic outlet (pubic symphysis, ischiopubic rami and sacrotuberous ligaments)
The ________ contains the abdominal viscera.
greater pelvis
The lateral pelvic wall is closed by the ________ and __________ muscles.
piriformis and obturator internus
The pelvic outlet is closed by the _________ and ____________.
pelvic diaphragm and urogenital diaphragm
What defines the space of the perineum?
diamond shaped region between abducted thighs extending from pubic symphysis to ischial tuberosity and coccyx
The perineum is divided into two triangles, the _______ and ____________ triangles by the ________.
anal and urogenital, superficial transverse perineus muscles
The _______ and ______ traverse the anal triangle.
anus and anal sphincter
The ___________ and ________ traverse the urogenital triangle.
urethra and vagina
The pelvic diaphragm is comprised of the _________ and the ________.
levator ani, coccygeus muscle
The levator ani includes these 4 muscles _________, ___________, ___________, ________.
puborectalis, pubococcygeus, iliococcygeus and ischioccygeus
The function of the muscle of the pelvic diaphragm function to ________ and ________the pelvic viscera (rectum and vagina).
support and compress
The urogenital triangle has ________ and ______ perineal spaces.
superficial and deep
The superficial perineal space is bounded superiorly by the ____________ and inferiorly by the ________.
perineal membrane, superficial perineal (Colle’s) fascia
The superficial perineal space contains the (8) structures.
bulb of the vestibule, crura of the clitoris, bulbospongiosus, ishiocavernousus and superficial transverse perineus muscles, greater vestibular glands, branches of the the pudendal nerve and internal pudendal muscles
The muscles of the superficial perineal space function to _______, _____ and ________.
fix the perineal body, compress the vagina, and contribute to erection of the clitoris
The deep perineal space is bounded superiorly by the ________ and inferiorly by the __________.
endopelvic fascia and perineal membrane
The deep perineal space contains the (7) structures.
deep transverse perineus (if any is present), urethral sphincter (inferior aspect), compressor urethrae, and urethrovaginal sphincter muscles, urethra, and branches of the pudendal nerve and internal pudendal vessels
The muscles of the deep perineal space function to _______ the vagina and urethra.
compress
Is the rectum a retro or intraperitoneal structure?
retroperitoneal
The external sphincter blends with the ____________ muscle.
levator ani
The urinary bladder is positioned __________ to the pubic symphysis when empty.
posterior
The anterior apex of the urinary bladder is continuous with the ________.
urachus, and embryonic remnant
The inferior neck of the urinary bladder is continuous with the ________.
urethra
The ___________ is characterized by a smooth appearing trigone with the orifices of the ureters and urethra at its angles.
fundus of the urinary bladder
The internal reproductive viscera are _______, ________ and ______, all surrounded by folds of peritoneum.
uterus, uterine tubes and ovaries
The uterus is positioned between the __________ and the _________.
bladder and rectum
The parts of the uterus are the ___________, _____ and ___________.
fundus, corpus and cervix
The uterine tubes extend ___________ from the uterus near the fundus.
laterally
The ovaries are positioned _______ to the uterine tubes and are suspended by the ________ and ________ ligaments.
posterior, ovarian (to the uterus) and suspensory (to the pelvic wall) ligaments
The __________ and its subparts surround the internal reproductive viscera.
broad ligament (subparts are mesosalpinx – uterine tube, mesovarium – ovary and mesometrium – cervix)
The female external genitilia are the _______, __________, ________ and _______.
labia majora, labia minora, clitoris and vagina
The clitoris consists of the _______, _______ and _____.
glans, corpus and two crura
The crura of the clitoris are attached to ________.
inferior pubic rami
The _________ muscles surround the crura,
ischiocavernosus muscles
The vagina is positioned between the _____________ and the __________ and surrounded by the ____________.
external urethral meatus, perineal body, two vestibular bulbs
The __________ muscles surround the vestibular bulbs and vagina.
bulbospongiosus
The greater vestibular glands drain into the ____________.
lower aspect of the vagina
__________ are the spaces between the vaginal wall and the cervix.
Fornices
Branches of the ___________ and __________ arteries are the primary blood supply of the uterus, uterine tubes and ovaries.
internal iliac and ovarian
Branches of the ____________ and _____________ are the primary blood supply of the rectum.
inferior mesentaric and internal iliac
Branches of the __________ are the primary blood supply of the bladder, distal ureters and urethra.
internal iliac
Branches of the ____________ are the primary blood supply of the external genitilia.
internal pudendal
The sacrotuberous ligament passes _________ to the sacrospinous ligament.
superficial
The pudendal nerve and internal pudendal artery and vein pass ________ to the sacrospinous ligament.
posterior-lateral (superficial)
The bulbospongiosus muscle is positioned directly __________ to the bulb of the vestibule.
superficial (lateral)
The ischiocavernosus muscle is positioned directly _______ to the crus of the clitoris.
superficial
The rectum is positioned __________ to the vagina and cervix and directly ___________ to the rectouterine pouch.
posterior, posterior
The _______ is positioned posterior to the vagina and cervix and directly posterior to the rectouterine pouch.
rectum
The uterus (body and fundus) is positioned _______ to the bladder.
posterior-superior
The uterus (body and fundus) is positioned posterior-superior to the _______.
bladder
The uterus is positioned directly ________ to the rectouterine pouch.
anterior
The uterus is positioned directly anterior to the ___________.
rectouterine pouch
The ovary is typically positioned _______ to the broad ligament of the uterus and ___________ to the uterine tube.
posterior, posterior-inferior
The ovary is typically positioned posterior to the __________ of the uterus and posterior-inferior to the ____________.
broad ligament, uterine tube
The urethra is positioned _______ to the vagina.
anterior
The urethra is positioned anterior to the _______.
vagina
The left common iliac vein is positioned ____________ to the common iliac artery.
posterior-medial
The external iliac vein is positioned _________to the external iliac artery.
posterior-medial
The obturator artery, vein and nerve pass _______ to the superior pubic ramus.
inferior
The ureter passes __________ and _________ to the uterine artery.
posterior and inferior
The ureter passes _______ and __________ to the vaginal artery.
superior and anterior
The lumbosacral trunk passes _______ to the sacrum (ala).
anterior
The pelvic diaphragm (levator ani muscle) is positioned _______ to the obturator internus muscle.
medial
