Unit II Practice Exam FITB - varying blanks Flashcards
The __________________ is a remnant of the fetal ductus arteriosus, an arterial shunt between the pulmonary trunk and aortic arch.
ligamentum arteriosum
The ligamentum arteriosum is a remnant of the _________________, an arterial shunt between the pulmonary trunk and aortic arch.
fetal ductus arteriosus
The ligamentum arteriosum is a remnant of the fetal ductus arteriosus, ____________ between the pulmonary trunk and aortic arch.
an arterial shunt
The ligamentum arteriosum is a remnant of the fetal ductus arteriosus, an arterial shunt between the _________________________.
pulmonary trunk and aortic arch
The ________________ drains into the coronary sinus, whereas the anterior cardiac veins and the venae cordis minimae drain into the right atrium.
middle cardiac vein
The middle cardiac vein drains into the____________, whereas the anterior cardiac veins and the venae cordis minimae drain into the right atrium.
coronary sinus
The middle cardiac vein drains into the coronary sinus, whereas the__________________ and the _________________ drain into the right atrium.
anterior cardiac veins, venae cordis minimae
The middle cardiac vein drains into the coronary sinus, whereas the anterior cardiac veins and the venae cordis minimae drain into the _________.
right atrium
The ________________________ of the mammary gland is located within the superficial fascia (layer) of the anterior chest wall overlying the serratus anterior and pectoralis major muscles.
paranchyma (glandular tissue)
The paranchyma (glandular tissue) of the mammary gland is located within the ___________________ of the anterior chest wall overlying the serratus anterior and pectoralis major muscles.
superficial fascia (layer)
The paranchyma (glandular tissue) of the mammary gland is located within the superficial fascia (layer) of the anterior chest wall overlying the ______________________________ muscles.
serratus anterior and pectoralis major
The ________________ layers of the pleura are continuous at the root of the lung.
parietal and visceral
The parietal and visceral layers of the pleura are continuous at the ____________.
root of the lung
At the level of the ________________, the descending aorta is positioned posterior to the primary bronchus.
hilus of the left lung
At the level of the hilus of the left lung, the _____________ is positioned posterior to the primary bronchus.
descending aorta
At the level of the hilus of the left lung, the descending aorta is positioned _______ to the primary bronchus.
posterior
The ________________________ of the liver typically receive their primary arterial blood supply from branches of the left hepatic artery.
left quadrate and caudate lobes
The left quadrate and caudate lobes of the liver typically receive their primary arterial blood supply from _____________________ artery.
branches of the left hepatic
The _____________ is formed by the union of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle, and drains directly into the prostatic urethra (sinus).
ejaculatory duct
The ejaculatory duct is formed by the union of the __________________________, and drains directly into the prostatic urethra (sinus).
vas deferens and seminal vesicle
The ejaculatory duct is formed by the union of the vas deferens and seminal vesicle, and drains directly into the ___________________.
prostatic urethra (sinus)
The _______________ artery is one of the terminal branches of the internal thoracic artery.
superior epigastric
The superior epigastric artery is one of the terminal branches of the _____________ artery.
internal thoracic
The ____________________ lymph nodes are located directly inferior to the carina.
inferior tracheobronchial
The inferior tracheobronchial lymph nodes are located directly inferior to the _____.
carina
The inferior tracheobronchial lymph nodes are located directly ______ to the carina.
inferior
The ___________________ vein is typically a direct tributary of the left brachiocephalic vein.
left superior intercostal
The left superior intercostal vein is typically a direct tributary of the ________________ vein.
left brachiocephalic
With ___________ of the diaphragm, the involved side ascends during deep inspiration.
hemiparalysis
With hemiparalysis of the diaphragm, the ___________ ascends during deep inspiration.
involved side
With hemiparalysis of the diaphragm, the involved side _______ during deep inspiration.
ascends
With hemiparalysis of the diaphragm, the involved side ascends during _____________.
deep inspiration
During an abdominal examination, the ______ margin of the liver is more readily palpated during deep inspiration.
inferior
During an abdominal examination, the inferior margin of the liver is more readily palpated during _____________.
deep inspiration
The ___________ artery, common bile duct and hepatic portal vein are all suspended within the hepatoduodenal ligament.
proper hepatic
The proper hepatic artery, __________ duct and hepatic portal vein are all suspended within the hepatoduodenal ligament.
common bile
The proper hepatic artery, common bile duct and ___________ vein are all suspended within the hepatoduodenal ligament.
hepatic portal
The proper hepatic artery, common bile duct and hepatic portal vein are all suspended within the ____________________.
hepatoduodenal ligament
The _________________ (thoracic space) extends from the thoracic inlet to a plane extending from the inferior border of vertebra T4 to the sternal angle.
superior mediastinum
The superior mediastinum (thoracic space) extends from the __________ to a plane extending from the inferior border of vertebra T4 to the sternal angle.
thoracic inlet
The superior mediastinum (thoracic space) extends from the thoracic inlet to a plane extending from the _______________________ to the sternal angle.
inferior border of vertebra T4
The superior mediastinum (thoracic space) extends from the thoracic inlet to a plane extending from the inferior border of vertebra T4 to the __________.
sternal angle
The ______ typically extends into the anterior mediastinum in infants.
thymus
The thymus typically extends into the _________________ in infants.
anterior mediastinum
The __________ begins at the cisterna chyli and empties into the venous system at the junction of the left subclavian and internal jugular veins.
thoracic duct
The thoracic duct begins at the __________ and empties into the venous system at the junction of the left subclavian and internal jugular veins.
cisterna chyli
The thoracic duct begins at the cisterna chyli and empties into the venous system at the junction of the ___________________________ veins.
left subclavian and internal jugular
The ____________ traverses the diaphragm by passing through the aortic hiatus.
thoracic duct
The thoracic duct traverses the diaphragm by passing through the___________.
aortic hiatus
The _________ is formed by the union of the right ascending lumbar, right lumbar azygos and right subcostal veins.
azygos vein
The azygos vein is formed by the union of the ________, _________, and __________ veins.
right ascending lumbar, right lumbar azygos and right subcostal
The _____ typically receives its blood supply from branches of the vaginal (female inferior vesicle), ovarian and uterine arteries.
uterus
The uterus typically receives its blood supply from branches of the ________, __________, and __________ arteries.
vaginal (female inferior vesicle), ovarian and uterine
In its course through the thorax, the ________ is typically constricted anteriorly by the arch of the aorta and the left main bronchus.
esophagus
In its course through the thorax, the esophagus is typically constricted ________ by the arch of the aorta and the left main bronchus.
anteriorly
In its course through the thorax, the esophagus is typically constricted anteriorly by the ___________________________________.
arch of the aorta and the left main bronchus
The ___________, positioned between the bifurcation of the trachea and the arch of the aorta, receives axons from the cardiac and the vagus nerves.
cardiac plexus
The cardiac plexus, positioned between the ________________________________________, receives axons from the cardiac and the vagus nerves.
bifurcation of the trachea and the arch of the aorta
The cardiac plexus, positioned between the bifurcation of the trachea and the arch of the aorta, receives axons from the _______________________.
cardiac and the vagus nerves
The ____________________ artery is typically a direct branch of the right coronary artery.
posterior interventricular
The posterior interventricular artery is typically a direct branch of the ____________ artery.
right coronary
The ___________________ typically traverses the diaphragm by piercing or passing through the crus.
greater splanchnic nerve
The greater splanchnic nerve typically traverses the ________ by piercing or passing through the crus.
diaphragm
The greater splanchnic nerve typically traverses the diaphragm by piercing or passing through the ___.
crus
In the ____________, the small cardiac vein is positioned adjacent to the right coronary artery.
coronary sulcus
In the coronary sulcus, the ______________ is positioned adjacent to the right coronary artery.
small cardiac vein
In the coronary sulcus, the small cardiac vein is positioned adjacent to the ________________.
right coronary artery
The ______________ are irregular columns of muscle in the wall of the right ventricle.
trabeculae carnae
The trabeculae carnae are irregular columns of muscle in the wall of the ___________.
right ventricle
Indirect _____________ are positioned lateral to the inferior epigastric artery.
inguinal hernias
Indirect inguinal hernias are positioned _____ to the inferior epigastric artery.
lateral
Indirect inguinal hernias are positioned lateral to the ___________________.
inferior epigastric artery
The _____________ connect the rete testis with the head of the epididymis.
efferent ductules
The efferent ductules connect the _______ with _____________________.
rete testis, the head of the epididymis
At the _____________ the floor of the inguinal canal is formed by the lacunar ligament.
superficial ring
At the superficial ring the floor of the ____________ is formed by the lacunar ligament.
inguinal canal
At the superficial ring the floor of the inguinal canal is formed by the ______________.
lacunar ligament
The ______________ is innervated by a branch of the genitofemoral nerve.
cremaster muscle
The cremaster muscle is innervated by a branch of the ________________.
genitofemoral nerve
The _________________________ typically receives its blood supply from branches of the left gastric artery.
lower portion of the esophagus
The lower portion of the esophagus typically receives its blood supply from ___________________________.
branches of the left gastric artery
The ________________ is positioned posterior to the lesser sac of the peritoneal cavity.
body of the pancreas
The body of the pancreas is positioned _______ to the lesser sac of the peritoneal cavity.
posterior
The body of the pancreas is positioned posterior to the __________________________.
lesser sac of the peritoneal cavity
An important _______________________ occurs at the distal end of the rectum where tributaries of the superior rectal vein anastomosis with tributaries of the middle and inferior rectal vein.
portal-systemic (caval) shunt
An important portal-systemic (caval) shunt occurs at the ___________________ where tributaries of the superior rectal vein anastomosis with tributaries of the middle and inferior rectal vein.
distal end of the rectum
An important portal-systemic (caval) shunt occurs at the distal end of the rectum where tributaries of the________________ anastomosis with tributaries of the middle and inferior rectal vein.
superior rectal vein
An important portal-systemic (caval) shunt occurs at the distal end of the rectum where tributaries of the superior rectal vein anastomosis with tributaries of the_________________________.
middle and inferior rectal vein
A __________ includes a branch of the hepatic artery, bile duct and hepatic portal vein.
hepatic triad
A hepatic triad includes a ______________________, bile duct and hepatic portal vein.
branch of the hepatic artery
A hepatic triad includes a branch of the hepatic artery, __________, and hepatic portal vein.
bile duct
A hepatic triad includes a branch of the hepatic artery, bile duct, and _____________.
hepatic portal vein
In fetal life, _______________ shunts placental blood from the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava.
the ductus venosus
In fetal life, the ductus venosus shunts placental blood from the _______________________________.
umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava
The ______________ includes the falciform, hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal ligaments.
ventral mesentery
The ventral mesentery includes the _______, _________, and ________ ligaments.
falciform, hepatogastric and hepatoduodenal
The_________ is typically positioned adjacent to the diaphragm, psoas major, transversus abdominis and quadratus lumborum muscles.
left kidney
The left kidney is typically positioned adjacent to the ______, _______, ______ and _______ muscles.
diaphragm, psoas major, transversus abdominis and quadratus lumborum
The tail of the ________ is positioned between the layers of the lienorenal ligament (a peritoneal fold).
pancreas
The tail of the pancreas is positioned between the layers of the ________________ (a peritoneal fold).
lienorenal ligament
The ______________ is positioned directly posterior to the hepatic portal vein.
omental foramen
The omental foramen is positioned directly _______ to the hepatic portal vein.
posterior
The omental foramen is positioned directly posterior to the _______________.
hepatic portal vein
The_____________________ is a peritoneal fold surrounding the inferior epigastric artery.
lateral umbilical ligament
The lateral umbilical ligament is a ____________ surrounding the inferior epigastric artery.
peritoneal fold
The lateral umbilical ligament is a peritoneal fold surrounding the ____________________.
inferior epigastric artery
The ___________ is positioned in part between the layers of the lienorenal ligament.
splenic artery
The splenic artery is positioned in part between the __________________________.
layers of the lienorenal ligament
The _________________ passes posterior to the duodenum prior to branching into the right gastroepiploic and superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries.
gastroduodenal artery
The gastroduodenal artery passes _______ to the duodenum prior to branching into the right gastroepiploic and superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries.
posterior
The gastroduodenal artery passes posterior to the ________ prior to branching into the right gastroepiploic and superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries.
duodenum
The gastroduodenal artery passes posterior to the duodenum prior to branching into the right ___________ and ____________ arteries.
gastroepiploic and superior pancreaticoduodenal
The peripheral aspect of the pleura overlying the superior surface of the diaphragm receives its sensory innervation from the_______________.
intercostal nerves
The _________________________ overlying the superior surface of the diaphragm receives its sensory innervation from the intercostal nerves.
peripheral aspect of the pleura
The______________ receives its sensory innervation from the dorsal nerve of the penis, one of the terminal branches of the pudendal nerve.
glans of the penis
The glans of the penis receives its sensory innervation from the ___________________, one of the terminal branches of the pudendal nerve.
dorsal nerve of the penis
The glans of the penis receives its sensory innervation from the dorsal nerve of the penis, one of the terminal branches of the ____________.
pudendal nerve
The __________________________ are all retroperitoneal structures.
2nd-4th segments of the duodenum
The 2nd-4th segments of the duodenum are all ___________________.
retroperitoneal structures
The inferior vena cava is positioned_______ to the duodenum.
posterior
The _______________________ is in contact with the peritoneum covering the inferior surface of the diaphragm.
convex surface of the spleen
The convex surface of the spleen is in contact with the _________________________________ of the diaphragm.
peritoneum covering the inferior surface
The _____________ are typically branches of the inferior mesenteric artery.
sigmoid arteries
The sigmoid arteries are typically branches of the _____________________.
inferior mesenteric artery
The ___________________ and the external anal sphinchter both attach in part to the perineal body.
bulbospongiosus muscle
The bulbospongiosus muscle and the ___________________ both attach in part to the perineal body.
external anal sphinchter
The bulbospongiosus muscle and the external anal sphinchter both attach in part to the ___________.
perineal body
The __________________________________ typically drain directly into the retroaortic lymph nodes.
lymphatics of the posterior abdominal wall
The lymphatics of the posterior abdominal wall typically drain directly into the ___________________.
retroaortic lymph nodes
The ___________________ drain urine into the minor calyces of the kidneys.
tips of the renal papillae
The tips of the renal papillae drain urine into the _______________________.
minor calyces of the kidneys
The ______________ is typically a direct branch of the left renal vein.
left testicular vein
The left testicular vein is typically a direct branch of the ___________.
left renal vein
The ________ typically passes directly anterior (position) to the common iliac vein.
left ureter
The left ureter typically passes directly ______ (position) to the common iliac vein.
anterior
The left ureter typically passes directly anterior (position) to the _______________.
common iliac vein
The _______________ forms the inferior border of the deep space or urogenital diaphragm.
perineal membrane
The perineal membrane forms the ______ border of the deep space or urogenital diaphragm.
inferior
The perineal membrane forms the inferior border of the deep space or _________________.
urogenital diaphragm
The _______________________ is typically a direct branch of the left renal artery.
left inferior suprarenal artery
The left inferior suprarenal artery is typically a direct branch of the ____________.
left renal artery
The ______________ are attached to the ischiopubic ramus of the bony pelvis.
crura of the penis
The crura of the penis are attached to the _____________________________.
ischiopubic ramus of the bony pelvis
The ___________________ drain directly into the lateral aortic nodes.
lymphatics of the testes
The lymphatics of the testes drain directly into the ________________.
lateral aortic nodes
The ___________________ is innervated in part by the inferior rectal nerve, a branch of the pudendal nerve.
external anal sphinchter
The external anal sphinchter is innervated in part by the ________________, a branch of the pudendal nerve.
inferior rectal nerve
The external anal sphinchter is innervated in part by the inferior rectal nerve, a branch of the ____________.
pudendal nerve
The ____________________________ arteries are all located in part within the spermatic cord.
testicular, cremasteric and deferent
The testicular, cremasteric and deferent arteries are all located in part within the ____________.
spermatic cord
The _______________________________ is positioned between the urogenital and pelvic diaphragms.
anterior recess of the ischiorectal fossa
The anterior recess of the ischiorectal fossa is positioned between the ___________________________.
urogenital and pelvic diaphragms
The _______________ is positioned directly posterior to the posterior fornix of the vagina.
rectouterine pouch
The rectouterine pouch is positioned directly _______ to the posterior fornix of the vagina.
posterior
The rectouterine pouch is positioned directly posterior to the posterior ________________.
fornix of the vagina
Adjacent to the _____, the uterine artery typically anastomoses with branches of the vaginal artery.
cervix
Adjacent to the cervix, ______________ typically anastomses with branches of the vaginal artery.
the uterine artery
Adjacent to the cervix, the uterine artery typically anastomses with branches of the ___________.
vaginal artery
The ____________________ is continuous with the fascia of the external oblique muscle.
external spermatic fascia
The external spermatic fascia is continuous with the _____________________________.
fascia of the external oblique muscle
The __________________ and the orifices of the ureters are positioned at the angles of the trigone of the bladder.
internal urethral orifice
The internal urethral orifice and the _________________ are positioned at the angles of the trigone of the bladder.
orifices of the ureters
The internal urethral orifice and the orifices of the ureters are positioned at the ____________________________.
angles of the trigone of the bladder
In the female, the ______________________________ extends from the ischial tuberosity to the perineal body (central tendon).
superficial transverse perineus muscle
In the female, the superficial transverse perineus muscle extends from the ______________________________ (central tendon).
ischial tuberosity to the perineal body
The ______________ attaches in part to the tendinous arch, a thickening of the fascia of the obturator internus muscle.
levator ani muscle
The levator ani muscle attaches in part to the ___________, a thickening of the fascia of the obturator internus muscle.
tendinous arch
The ______ and __________ muscles are both positioned in the deep perineal space.
sphincter urethrae and deep transverse perineus
The sphincter urethrae and deep transverse perineus muscles are both positioned in the ________________.
deep perineal space
During an episiotomy it may be necessary to block multiple nerves because the female perineum receives its sensory innervation from branches of the _________, ___________, _________, and __________ nerves.
genitofemoral, ilioinguinal, pudendal and posterior femoral cutaneous
During an _________ it may be necessary to block multiple nerves because the female perineum receives its sensory innervation from branches of the genitofemoral, ilioinguinal, pudendal and posterior femoral cutaneous nerves.
episiotomy
