Vessels, Nerves, Pruritus Flashcards

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1
Q

T or F: Intraepidermal nerve fibers are increased in density in lesional atopic skin compared to normal skin or non-lesional atopic skin in both humans and dogs.

A

True

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2
Q

Which body site has the greatest density of intraepidermal nerve fibers in healthy dogs?

a. chin
b. neck
c. calf
d. toe

according to de MM et. al. 2009

A

b. neck

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3
Q

Name 3 body sites that tend to have a higher concentration of intraepidermal nerve fibers (IENFs) in people?

What about dogs?

What gradient do IENFs tend to follow?

A

finger pads, lips, genitalia

nasal planum

average IENF density decreases following a proximal to distal gradient along the limbs

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4
Q

What is alloknesis?

A

Alloknesis is the itch or pruriceptive sensation or scratching behavior evoked by a stimulus that is normally non-pruriceptive

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5
Q

Recognize 6 neural elongation factors secreted in the skin during allergic reactions

(probably too detailed to know all of them)

A
  1. Nerve growth factor (NGF)
  2. glial cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)
  3. TNF-a
  4. amphiregulin
  5. artemin
  6. IL-31
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6
Q

What is the first cytokine gene transcribed as early as 1 hr after a single epicutaneous HDM challenge?

A

TNF-a

TNF-a is also a neural elongation factor.

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7
Q

Theoretically, drugs like lokivetmab and oclacitinib could have an effect on decreasing intraepidermal nerves in the skin.

Why?

A

Because IL-31 is also a neural elongation factor

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