Chapter 1- Gross Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

The skin, hair, and subcutis of a newborn puppy represent what percentage of its body weight?

Answer 1

24%

Question 2

By the time a puppy matures, the skin, hair and subcutis represents what percentage of its body weight?

Answer 2

12%

Question 3

Skin thickness decreases in which direction on the trunk?

Answer 3

Dorsally to ventrally (thicker dorsally)

Question 4

Skin thickness decreased in which direction on the limbs?

Answer 4

proximally to distally

Question 5

On what five body regions is thin the thickest?

Answer 5

Forehead, dorsal neck, dorsal thorax, rump, base of tail

Question 6

On what four regions of the body is skin the thinnest?

Answer 6

1. pinnae 2. axillary region 3. inguinal region 4. perianal region

Question 7

What is the average thickness of the general body skin of cats?

Answer 7

0.4 to 2.0 mm

Question 8

What is the average thickness of the general body skin of dogs?

Answer 8

0.5 to 5.0 mm

Question 9

The haircoat is usually thickest over what aspects of the body?

Answer 9

Dorsolateral

Question 10

The haircoat is usually thinnest on what aspects of the body?

Answer 10

Ventrally, concave surface of the pinnae, undersurface of the tail

Question 11

Are the skin surfaces of haired mammals generally basic or acidic?

Answer 11

Acidic

Question 12

What role does the pH of the skin play?

Answer 12

The acidic pH may help protect skin from microbial invasion; pH influences permeability and keratinization

Question 13

pH of normal canine skin (range)

Answer 13

4.84 to 9.95

Question 14

pH of normal feline skin (range and average)

Answer 14

5.6 to 7.4; 6.4

Question 15

Do male dogs or female dogs have higher pH of their skin in general?

Answer 15

males

Question 16

Do intact females or spayed female dogs have higher pH values of their skin at all sites?

Answer 16

spayed females

Question 17

Do yellow labs or black labs have significantly higher pH values of their skin?

Answer 17

black labs

Question 18

How can excitement influence the skin pH of a dog?

Answer 18

The skin surface pH of an excited dog can increase by greater than 1 unite within 1 minute

Question 19

How well is the metabolism of the skin understood?

Answer 19

Not very

Question 20

Glucose is preferentially metabolized to _______ rather than fully oxidized to CO2.

Answer 20

lactate

Question 21

The skin is an active site of what kind of metabolism?

Answer 21

Fatty acid