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Whitney - Anatomy Test 2 > Vessels and Circulation Part 2 > Flashcards

Vessels and Circulation Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

In the head and neck, Arterial supply is derived from what two sources?

A

Common Carotid Artery (neck, face, anterior brain)

Vertebral Artery from Subclavian Artery to posterior brain

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2
Q

Name the branches of the external carotid arising in carotid triangle

A 
Superior thyroid artery
Ascending pharyngeal artery 
Lingual artery 
Facial artery 
Occipital artery
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3
Q

Name the Branch of the external carotid that does not branch

A

Posterior auricular artery

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4
Q

Name the terminal branches of the branches of the external carotid

A

Maxillary artery

Superficial temporal artery

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5
Q

Arterial supply to the head and neck:

Brain (internal)

A

2 Vertebral Arteries

2 Internal Carotid Arteries

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6
Q

Arterial supply to the head and neck:

Head (external)

A

2 External Carotid Arteries

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7
Q

Arterial supply to the head and neck:

Neck (external)

A 
2 External Carotid Arteries 
Thyrocervical Trunks (from Subclavian Arteries)
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8
Q

Venous drainage of the head and neck:

Brain

A

Dural sinuses to internal jugular veins

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9
Q

Venous drainage of the head and neck:

Head

A

Internal Jugular Veins
External Jugular Veins
Vertebral Veins

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10
Q

Venous drainage of the head and neck:

Neck

A

Internal Jugular Veins

External Jugular Veins

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11
Q

What is the cerebral arterial circle or the circle of willis?

A

An important anastomosis of arteries around the sella turcica

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12
Q

What forms the circle of willis?

A

Posterior cerebral arteries and posterior communicating arteries, internal carotid arteries, anterior cerebral arteries, and anterior communicating arteries

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13
Q

What is the function of the Circle of Willis?

A

Equalizes blood pressure in the brain and can provide collateral channels should one vessel become blocked

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14
Q

Where do the branches of the abdominal aorta lead?

A

Diaphragm
GI tract
Other organs not part of the gut
Body wall

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15
Q

Name of branch that lead to diaphragm

A

inferior phrenic

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16
Q

Name of branches to GI tract

A

Celiac, Superior, & Inferior mesenteric

17
Q

Name of branches to other organs not part of the gut

A

Suprarenal, renal, gonadal (ovarian and testicular)

18
Q

Name of branches to the body wall

A

Lumbar arteries (analogous to intercostal arteries)

19
Q

What is the Hepatic Portal System?

A

A venous network that drains the GI tract and shunts the blood to the liver for processing and absorption of transported materials

20
Q

Blood exits the liver through _____ veins that merge with the ________________

A

hepatic veins

inferior vena cava

21
Q

Why is the hepatic portal system needed?

A

Because the GI tract absorbs digested nutrients, and these nutrients must be processed and/or stored in the liver

22
Q

What are the three sources of blood supply to the thoracic wall?

A

Axillary
Subclavian
Aorta

23
Q

What are the axillary branches of the thoracic wall?

A

Supreme thoracic

Lateral thoracic

24
Q

What is the subclavian branch of the thoracic wall

A

Internal thoracic (or mammary) artery which has the anterior intercostal branches

25
Q

What are the aortic branches of the thoracic wall?

A

Intercostal arteries

26
Q

What artery is utilized in coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)?

A

Internal thoracic artery

27
Q

Name the parts of the axillary artery

A

Part 1: Superior thoracic artery
Part 2: Thoracoacromial trunk and lateral thoracic artery
Part 3: Subscapular artery, anterior circumflex humeral, and posterior circumflex humeral

28
Q

Basilic veins

A

Continues as the axillary vein; medial

29
Q

Cephalic Vein

A

drains into axillary before it becomes subclavian vein; Lateral

30
Q

What is the main source of blood supply to the lower limb?

A

Femoral Artery

31
Q

What are the two main branches of the femoral artery?

A

Deep femoral artery

Popliteal artery

32
Q

What is responsible for the venous drainage of the lower limb?

A

Femoral vein

33
Q

Explain what happens to the cardiovascular system due to age

A

Heart and BVs become less resilient
Elastic Arteries less able to withstand forces from pulsating blood
Systolic BP may increase
Apt to develop aneurysm
Incidence and severity of atherosclerosis increses

34
Q

What is an aneurysm?

A

Thinning and ballooning of arterial wall

Whitney - Anatomy Test 2 (8 decks)

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