Vessel embryology Flashcards
Derivatives of 1st pharyngeal arch a.
(light blue)
- a. maxillaris
- a. carotis ext.
Derivatives of 2nd pharyngeal arch a.
(light orange)
a. stapedia
Derivatives of 3rd pharyngeal arch a.
(red)
- proximally: a. carotis comm.
- distally: 1st part of a. carotis int.
Derivatives of 4th pharnygeal arch a.
(brown)
- left: arcus aorticus
- right: proximal part of a. subclavia dextra
Derivatives of 6th pharyngeal arch a.
(blue)
-
left:
- a. pulmonalis sinistra
- ductus arteriosus Botalli
-
right:
- a. pulmonalis dextra
How do the aa. coronariae develop?
- stem cells from liver migrate into heart tube
- vascular channels form peritruncal ring
- prox. portions survive → a. coronaria dex./sin.
- distally: epicardium forms remaining parts by epithelio-mesenchymal transformation
Where do the different parts of the aorta originate from?
- aorta ascendens: truncus arteriosus, aortic sac
- arcus aorticus: left 4th pharyngeal arch a.
- aorta descendens: left aorta dorsalis
Where do the aa. subclaviae originate from?
- left: left 7th a. intersegmentalis
-
right:
- proximally: right 4th pharyngeal arch a.
- medially: right aorta dorsalis
- distally: right 7th a. intersegmentalis
Where do the vitelline aa. originate from?
What do they form?
Another name.
= a. omphalomesenterica
originate from aorta dorsalis
form: unpaired aortic branches
- truncus coeliacus: supplies foregut
- a. mesenterica sup.: supplies midgut
- a. mesenterica inf.: supples hindgut
Where do the aa. umbilicales originate from?
What do they form?
originate from aorta dorsalis
form:
- a. iliaca int.
- lig. umbilicale mediale
What do the vitelline vv. form?
- hepatic sinusoids in liver
- vv. revehentes
- right: hepatic portal system = vv. advehentes, IVC hepatocardiac segment
- left: regresses
What do the vv. umbilicales form?
Remnants?
- right: degenerates
-
left:
- cranial part degenerates
- caudal part → v. umbilica (→ lig. teres hepatis)
What is connected by the ductus venosus?
Remnants?
v. umbilica + IVC hepatocardiac segment
→ lig. venosum
What do the 2 vv. cardinales ant. form?
What does this structure become?
anastomosis → v. brachiocephalica
Which structures contribute to the SVC?
v. cardinalis ant. dextr. + v. cardinalis communis dextra
Give another name for v. cardinalis communis
ductus Cuvieri
What happens to the v. cardinalis ant. sinistra?
caudal part degenerates → lig. v. cavae sin.
Which structure is formed by the v. cardinalis communis sinistra?
Marshall v.
What does the v. cardinalis post. dextra form?
- root of v. azygos
- v. iliaca int.
Where does the v. cardinalis post. sin. enter into and eventually form?
enters into v. brachiocephalica sinistra → v. intercostalis sup. sin.
What do the vv. subcardinales form?
- form an anastomosis with each other
- left renal v.
- suprarenal vv.
- gonadal vv.
- IVC prerenal, renal segments
Which vv. contribute to the v. azygos?
- 4th + 11th v. intercostalis
- v. supracardinalis dextra
- v. cardinalis post. dextra
Which vv. contribute to the v. hemiazygos?
- 4th + 7th v. intercostalis
- v. supracardinalis sinistra
What do the vv. supracardinales form caudally to the kidneys?
- right: IVC postrenal segment
- left: degenerates
What are the segments of the IVC and by what are they formed?
in craniocaudal direction:
- hepatocardiac: right v. omphalomesenterica, vv. revehentes
- prerenal: right subcardinal + anastomosis vv. subcardinales
- renal: anastomosis right sub-/supracardinal v.
- postrenal: distal part right supracardinal v.
