Vertigo

Question 1

three most common causes of vertigo

Answer 1

• benign paroxysmal vertigo
• acute peripheral vestibulopathy (vestibular neuritis or labyrinthitis)
• meniere’s disease

(all are peripheral causes of vertigo)

Question 2

central vertigo

Answer 2

(central nervous system)
- TIA or stroke
- migrainenous veritgo
- MS
- cerebellopontine angle tumour

Question 3

how to check on history if a patient has vertigo

Answer 3

confirm the patient experiences spinning sensation not just light headedness

Question 4

dizzyness of vestibular origin will be provoked by

Answer 4

aggrevated by movement and releived by rest

Question 5

drugs causing dizzyness

Answer 5

antihypertensives
anticonvulsants
antidepressants
sedatives

Question 6

purely vertical nystagmus

Answer 6

central lesion

Question 7

horizontal nystagmus

Answer 7

peripheral vestibular nystagmus
beats in the same direction regardless of the eye positon

Question 8

vestibule-ocular reflex

Answer 8

get patient to fix eyesight on examiners nose
shake head after excluding neck pathology
eyes will move toward direction of vestibular lesion and quickly dart back

Question 9

hallpike manouvre

Answer 9

used to confirm benign positional vertigo

Question 10

symptomatic treatment of vertigo

Answer 10

vestibular sedatives: benzodiazepines, antihiistamines
antiemetics and bed rest also helpfull

Question 11

benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

Answer 11

epley manouvre provides complete sympotmatic cure but recurrance is common

Question 12

menieres syndrome

Answer 12

typically presents with vertigo, fluctuating low frequency hearing loss/tinnitus and aural pressure
managed with low salt diet and diuretics
vestibular sedatives and antiemetics fro acute attacks

Question 13

treatment for refrectory meniers

Answer 13

tympanic gentamycin and surgery