Vertigo Flashcards
1
Q
what is vertigo?
A
false sensation that the body or environment is moving
2
Q
what are the differentials for vertigo?
A
- viral labyrinthitis
- vestibular neuronitis
- benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
- meniere’s disease
- vertebrobasilar ischaemia
- acoustic neuroma
3
Q
what are the characteristics of viral labyrinthitis?
A
- recent viral infection
- sudden onset
- nausea and vomiting
- hearing may be affected
4
Q
what are the characteristics of vestibular neuronitis?
A
- recent viral infection
- recurrent vertigo attacks lasting hours or days
- no hearing loss
5
Q
what are the characteristics of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo?
A
- gradual onset
- triggered by change in head position
- each episode lasts 10-20 seconds
6
Q
what are the characteristics of meniere’s disease?
A
EPISODIC
* hearing loss
* tinnitus
* sensation of fullness or pressure in one or both ears
7
Q
what are the characteristics of vestibrobasilar ischaemia?
A
- elderly patient
- dizziness on extension of neck
8
Q
what are the characteristics of acoustic neuroma?
A
- hearing loss
- vertigo
- tinnitus
- absent corneal reflex
- associated with neurofibromatosis type 2
9
Q
what are the non-ENT causes of vertigo?
A
- posterior circulation stroke
- trauma
- multiple sclerosis
- ototoxicity (e.g. gentamicin)
