Vertebrates Flashcards
What are the phylum and sub phylum of vertebrates
Vertebrata, chordata
What does the backbone surround
The backbone surrounds the spinal cord
What is your backbone made up of
Vertebrates
Axial skeleton
Made up of the vertebral column, skull and rib cage. Protects spinal cord
Appendicular skeleton
Made up of the appendage bones and the wide flattened girdles
Agnathans
Jaw less fish
Examples of agnathan fish
Lampreys, hagfish.
How do lampreys get their food
They are parasites
How do hag fish get their food
They are bottom dwellers
What are Chondrichthyes
Cartilage fish
Examples of Chondrichthyes
Shark and rays
Do Chondrichthyes have jaws
They have hinged jaws
What is covering the skin of Chondrichthyes
Placoid scales
What is the spiral valve
Slows movement of food to give more time to digest
What type of liver does a shark have
Large and oily make up nearly 20% of its body weight
How many chambers do fish hearts have
2 chambers, one to receive blood and one to pump it out
How do fish reproduce
Sexually, cartilligenous fish reproduce internally
What type of sensory systems do fish have
Highly, developed. Bony fish has the lateral line system
Lateral line system
Enables them to sense objects and changes in their environment
Osteichthyes
Bony fish
Examples of Osteichthyes
Ray finned fish lobe finned fish
Cycloid scales
Cover ray finned fish, over lap like shingles
What covers the scales
A layer of mucus
Swim bladder
Enables the fish to float or sink to the desired altitude
Operculum
Protective flap of tissue that protects the gills
Ectothermy
Body temp is regulated by external environment
Ray fin fish reproduction
Separate sexes and external fertilization
What adaptation did amphibians make to live on land
Developed strong limbs and bones
What does the stomach in the amphibian do
Begins to break down food
What does the small intestine do in amphibians
Digests food further and secretion from the liver and pancreas
What does the large intestine do in amphibians
Forms feces from I digested materials
Cloaca
Stores feces until the y are eliminated through the anus
Kidney
Excrete waste from the blood stream
Bladder
Waste from the kidney are stored here, until the are released into the cloaca
What kind of a heart does an amphibian posses
3 chambered heart
Which parts of the heart recieve the blood
Left atrium and right atrium
Which part of the heart pumps the blood
The single ventricle
Right atrium function
Receives O2 negative blood
Left atrium function
Receives O2 rich blood from the lungs
What is the main function of the skin of an amphibian
They use their skin to bring in more oxygen
Nictating membrane
Transparent eye lid keeps the eyelid moist in air and protected in water
Tympanic membranes
Receive sound waves, located behind the ear
Parthegenosis
Asexual reproduction performed by some amphibians
What can ray finned fish do applaud to sharks with their gills
Ray finned fish can pump water over their gills
