Cahpter 18 Viruses And Bacteria

Question 1

Prokaryotes

Answer 1

Organisms that lack nucleaus and any membrane bound organelles

Question 2

What is in the monera kingdom

Answer 2

All prokaryotes are a part of this kingdom

Question 3

Archaebacteria

Answer 3

Bacteria that live in the worst possible conditions where no other organism can survive

Question 4

Eubacteria

Answer 4

Referred to as normal bacteria

Question 5

Methanogen

Answer 5

Archaebacteria

Produce methane and live in oxygen free environments

Question 6

Thermoacidophiles

Answer 6

Live in extremely hot and acidic water

Question 7

Chemosynthesizer

Answer 7

Use inorganic compounds as an energy source

Question 8

Extreme Halophiles

Answer 8

Live in extremely salty conditions

Question 9

Gram Positive Bacteria

Answer 9

No extra layer of lipid

Question 10

Gram negative Bacteria

Answer 10

Have an extra layer of lipid

Question 11

Cyanobacteria

Answer 11

Gram Negative that perform plant like photo synthesis

Question 12

Obligate Aerobe

Answer 12

Needs oxygen to survive

Question 13

Obligate anerobe

Answer 13

Cant have any oxygen or will die

Question 14

Facilitated Anerobe

Answer 14

Can function with or without oxygen

Question 15

Binary Fission

Answer 15

Creates 2 Daughter cells by dividing, occurs in normal circumstances

Question 16

Asexual reproduction

Answer 16

One organism involved, no cell to cell contact

Question 17

Sexual Reproduction

Answer 17

Exchange genetic information through cell to cell contact

Question 18

Conjugation

Answer 18

The process of exchanging genetic info through cell contact

Question 19

Transformation

Answer 19

the process by which bacterial cells pick up and incorporate DNA from dead bacteria cells

Question 20

Transduction

Answer 20

Uses a virus to exchange genetic info from cell to cell

Question 21

Endospore

Answer 21

When the living conditions get hard the bacteria will dehydrate tot protect its self. Can resist radiation

Question 22

Virus

Answer 22

Causes disease in organism and consists of a core of Nucleaic acids surrounded by a protein coat

Question 23

Stable Virus

Answer 23

DNA Virus (wont mutate)

Question 24

Unstable Virus

Answer 24

RNA (Will mutate)

Question 25

What are viruses enclosed in

Answer 25

Envelope

Question 26

Lyric cycle

Answer 26

Controls the host cell and forces it to make more copies of the virus. After the cell bursts open releasing particles to infect more cells

Question 27

Lysogenic Cycle

Answer 27

Virus doesn’t kill host cell right away, the nucleic acid attaches to the chromosome and reproduces with the cell until its stimulated

Question 28

Vaccination

Answer 28

Infecting the patient with a weak form of the virus.

Question 29

Retrovirus

Answer 29

Use RNA to make DNA (HIV)

Question 30

Viroids

Answer 30

Cause disease in plants (RNA)

Question 31

Prions

Answer 31

Protein particles that cause disease in humans

Question 32

Coccus

Answer 32

Spherical

Question 33

Rod shaped

Answer 33

Bacillus

Question 34

Spirillum

Answer 34

Spiral

Question 35

Diplo

Answer 35

Pairs

Question 36

Strepto

Answer 36

Chains

Question 37

Staphylo

Answer 37

Clusters

Question 38

Sarcina

Answer 38

Cube of 8 cells

Question 39

Gram stain

Answer 39

Important way to classify eubacteria

Question 40

What do rhizobacteria do?

Answer 40

Help plants by Fixing nitrogen