Vertebral Column - General

Question 1

Vertebra

Answer 1

singular

Question 2

vertebrae

Answer 2

multiple

Question 3

axial skeleton

Answer 3

vertebral column and rib cage

Question 4

appendicular skeleton

Answer 4

girdle and limbs

Question 5

the skull meets the spine where?

Answer 5

occipital bone via the occipital condyle

Question 6

The vertebral column is composed of a series of _________ bones

Answer 6

unpaired bones

Question 7

Cervical vertebrae # (all species)

Answer 7

7

Question 8

Thoracic vertebrae carnivores

Answer 8

12-14

Question 9

lumbar vertebrae carnivores

Answer 9

6-7

Question 10

sacral vertebrae carnivores

Answer 10

3

Question 11

caudal vertebrae carnivores

Answer 11

20-23

Question 12

Which section of vertabrae shows a large variation among species?

Answer 12

caudal vertebrae

Question 13

functions of vertebral column

Answer 13

provides attachment for ribs and back muscle, supports trunk, carries skull, protects spinal cord

Question 14

flexion is the contraction of what muscle

Answer 14

hypaxial

Question 15

extension is the contraction of what muscle

Answer 15

epaxial

Question 16

What are the different regions of the vertebrae?

Answer 16

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, caudal

Question 17

What kind of bone is the vertabrae?

Answer 17

irregular

Question 18

each vertebral body has what?

Answer 18

convex cranial and concave caudal extremity

Question 19

the vertebral body is covered by what?

Answer 19

hyaline cartilage

Question 20

what is in between adjacent vertebra?

Answer 20

intervertebral fibrocartilaginous discs

Question 21

the ventral surface carries the ______. And _____ in size in different regions.

Answer 21

ventral crest, varies

Question 22

Where does the spinal cord pass through?

Answer 22

vertebral foramen

Question 23

vertebral arch over the dorsal surface of the vertebral body

Answer 23

vertebral foramen

Question 24

Each vertebral arch is made up of two ______ and a _______.

Answer 24

two lateral pedicles, a dorsal plate

Question 25

What forms the vertebral canal?

Answer 25

vertebral foramina

Question 26

two or more vertebral foramen

Answer 26

vertebral canal

Question 27

the diameter of there vertebral column is the greatest where?

Answer 27

C1 and C2

Question 28

What is the diameter trend in the vertebral column?

Answer 28

largest at C1/C2, decreases, increases at T1, decreases, increases at L1, gradually decreases at CY1

Question 29

what process is found at the mid dorsal line of the vertebral arch?

Answer 29

spinous process

Question 30

what processes is found cranial and caudal to the root of the spinous process?

Answer 30

4 articular processes

Question 31

what processes project laterally from the base of the vertebral arch?

Answer 31

2 transverse processes

Question 32

what processes are found between the transverse and cranial articular processes of the thoracic and lumbar vertebra?

Answer 32

2 mammilary processes

Question 33

1

Answer 33

cranial articular process

Question 34

2

Answer 34

mammilary process

Question 35

3

Answer 35

vertebral arch

Question 36

4

Answer 36

cranial vertebral notch

Question 37

5

Answer 37

vertebral foramen

Question 38

6

Answer 38

cranial extremity

Question 39

7

Answer 39

hemal arch

Question 40

8

Answer 40

ventral crest

Question 41

9

Answer 41

vertebral body

Question 42

10

Answer 42

caudal extremity

Question 43

11

Answer 43

transverse process

Question 44

12

Answer 44

caudal vertebral notch

Question 45

13

Answer 45

accessory process

Question 46

14

Answer 46

caudal articular process

Question 47

15

Answer 47

spinous process

Question 48

What surface is on the cranial/caudal articular process?

Answer 48

articular surface (articular foveae)

Question 49

Dog Vertebral Formula

Answer 49

C7, T13, L7, S3, Cy20-24

Question 50

toughest joint of vertebrae

Answer 50

fibrocartilaginous

Question 51

most abundant cartilage type

Answer 51

hyaline

Question 52

what is found between each vertebra

Answer 52

annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus

Question 53

consistency of nucleus pulposus

Answer 53

jelly like

Question 54

Why are cats more flexible?

Answer 54

intervertebral discs made of elastic cartilage, no supraspinous ligament, no supra tuberous ligament, extra lumbar and thoracic vertebrae