Intro Terminology Week 1

Question 1

Dorsal

Answer 1

toward the back of the trunk

Question 2

Ventral

Answer 2

toward the belly

Question 3

Cranial

Answer 3

toward the head

Question 4

Caudal

Answer 4

toward the tail

Question 5

Rostral

Answer 5

toward the muzzle

Question 6

Medial

Answer 6

toward the median plane

Question 7

Lateral

Answer 7

toward the side of the animal

Question 8

Proximal

Answer 8

toward the junction with the body

Question 9

Distal

Answer 9

greater distance from the junction of the body

Question 10

Palmar

Answer 10

toward the rear in forelimb

Question 11

Plantar

Answer 11

toward the rear in the hindlimb

Question 12

Axial

Answer 12

directed toward the longitudinal central axis of a limb

Question 13

abaxial

Answer 13

directed away from the longitudinal central axis of a limb

Question 14

median plane

Answer 14

divides body into symmetrical right and left halves

Question 15

sagittal plane

Answer 15

parallel to median plane

Question 16

other name for sagittal plane

Answer 16

longitudinal

Question 17

Dorsal plane

Answer 17

Parallel to the back (head, neck, trunk, tail)

Question 18

transverse plane

Answer 18

transect the trunk, head, limb, or other appendage perpendicular to its own long axis

Question 19

another name for transverse plane

Answer 19

axial

Question 20

Flexion

Answer 20

the movement of one bone in relation to another, the angle formed at the joint is reduced, limb retracted

Question 21

Extension

Answer 21

the movement of one bone upon another, the angle formed at the joint is increased, limb is extended

Question 22

Abduction

Answer 22

the movement of a part away from the median plane

Question 23

adduction

Answer 23

the movement of a part toward the median plane

Question 24

supination

Answer 24

lateral rotation of the appendage so that the palmar or plantar surface of the paw faces medially

Question 25

pronation

Answer 25

medial rotation of the appendage from the supine position so that the palmar or plantar surface will face the substrate

Question 26

long bones

Answer 26

longer than they are wide and have a shaft and two ends ossa longa

Question 27

short bones

Answer 27

same width and length, cube like shape (cuboidal) ossa brevia

Question 28

flat bones

Answer 28

thin and relatively broad bones that are found where extensive protection of organs is required or where broad surfaces of muscle attachment are required ossa plana

Question 29

irregular bones

Answer 29

complex shapes ossa irregularia

Question 30

sesamoid bones

Answer 30

small, flat bones, shaped like a sesame seed

Question 31

sutural bone

Answer 31

small, flat, irregularly shaped bones

Question 32

splanchnic

Answer 32

organs in abdominal cavity

Question 33

long bone example

Answer 33

femur, tibia, ulna, radius

Question 34

short bone example

Answer 34

carpal, tarsal

Question 35

flat bone example

Answer 35

sternum, ribs, scapulae, roof of skull

Question 36

irregular bone example

Answer 36

vertebrae, hip, several skull bones

Question 37

sesamoid bone example

Answer 37

develop inside tendons, i.e. patella, fabella

Question 38

sutural bone example

Answer 38

between flat bones of the skull

Question 39

splanchnic example

Answer 39

stomach, small/large intestine, pancreas, spleen, liver, kidney

Question 40

Anatomy

Answer 40

study of shape, weight, color, texture, and relative position of various organs and tissues of the organisms when they are in a state of normal health

Question 41

Surface anatomy

Answer 41

The observation of the intact body at rest and in action

Question 42

Endoscopy

Answer 42

The observation of some parts of the living body, such as stomach or knee joint, by means of special instruments

Question 43

Applications for studying anatomy

Answer 43

Surface anatomy, endoscopy, dissection, organ imaging

Question 44

Topographical anatomy

Answer 44

The anatomy of one part in relation to other parts of the body

Question 45

gross anatomy

Answer 45

The study of structures that can be dissected and observed with the unaided eye

Question 46

comparative anatomy

Answer 46

The study of comparison of the structures of animals and it forms the basis of their classification

Question 47

Neuroanatomy

Answer 47

Deals with connections of cells with central nervous system

Question 48

Histology

Answer 48

The study of organization of minute structures, too small to be seen without a microscope, into complex tissue and organs

Question 49

Cytology

Answer 49

Study of minute structures in even greater detail, with the help of an electron microscope

Question 50

Applied anatomy (clinical anatomy)

Answer 50

The practical application of a normal structural study in relation to diagnosis and treatment of pathology or surgical condition

Question 51

Anatomical position

Answer 51

Body is assumed to be standing, feet together, head and eyes facing toward, palms of the hand facing downward

Question 52

Circumduction

Answer 52

Circular motion

Question 53

How does the spine move?

Answer 53

Extends dorsally (like halloween cat) and flexes ventrally (horse getting back scratched)

Question 54

another name for dorsal plane

Answer 54

horizontal, frontal

Question 55

Splanchnic Bone example

Answer 55

Os penis (dog), Os rostri (pig), Os opticus (avaian)

Question 56

dorsal recumbency

Answer 56

laying on the back

Question 57

ventral recumbency

Answer 57

laying on the belly

Question 58

lateral recumbency

Answer 58

laying on the side

Question 59

pneumatic bones example

Answer 59

maxilla - filled with air ossa pneumatica

Question 60

Head yes motion

Answer 60

extends/flexes

Question 61

head no motion

Answer 61

rotates

Question 62

Osteology

Answer 62

description of the skelton

Question 63

arthrology

Answer 63

description of the joints

Question 64

myology

Answer 64

description of the muscles

Question 65

splanchnology

Answer 65

description of the viscera (digestive, respiratory, urinary, genital)

Question 66

angiology

Answer 66

description of the organs of circulation

Question 67

neurology

Answer 67

description of the nervous system

Question 68

aesthesiology

Answer 68

description of the sense organs and common integument