Muscles of the Forelimb Part 1 Flashcards
Extrinsic musculature
synsarcosis, forms a dynamic sling
Extrinsic musculature origin
neck, back and thoracic region
Extrinsic musculature insertion
scapula or humerus
Extrinsic musculature can be divided into:
superficial or deep
Extrinsic musculature lies ______ to the intrinsic muscles of the cranial trunk
superficial
intrinsic musculature
bridges one or more joints of the same limb
intrinsic musculature movement
extends and flexes joints, abducts, adducts, and rotates joint structures
superficial extrinsic muscles
Brachiocephalicus, Trapezius, Sternocephalicus, Omotransversarius, Latissimus dorsi, superficial pectoral
deep extrinsic muscles
deep pectoral, subclavius, rhomboideus, serrates ventralis
is superficial extrinsic muscle ascending or descending?
descending
is deep extrinsic muscle ascending or descending?
ascending
What two muscles are the exception to being extrinsic or intrinsic?
sternocleidomastoid and sternocephalic
1
sternocephalicus
2 overall term
brachiocephalicus
2 top portion
cleidocervicalis (right) and cleidomastoid (left)
2 bottom portion
cleidobrachialis
3
omotransversarius
5 overall term
trapezius
5 cranial portion
cervical trapezius
5 caudal portion
thoracic trapezius
6
deltoideus
7
latissimus dorsi
8
tricep (long and lateral)
9
pectoralis profundus
The brachiocephalicus is made up of 3 parts. What are they?
Cleidocephalicus, Cleidomastoid, Cleidobrachialis
Brachiocephalicus innervation
accessory spinal nerve
Brachiocephalicus origin
nuchal ligament
Brachiocephalicus insertion
clavicular intersection
the cleidobrachialis attaches to:
distal 1/3 cranial surface of humerus
Brachiocephalicus is what kind of muscle?
compound muscle
The cervical portion of the cleidocephalicus is bounded cranially by:
occipital part of the sternocephalicus
The cervical portion of the cleidocephalicus is bounded caudally by:
trapezius
The cleidocephalicus attaches to:
median raphae and nuchal crest
the cleidomastoid attaches to:
mastoid process
origin
attachment, proximal
insertion
distal
trapezius muscle characteristics
triangular, thin, flat
Trapezius is divided into two parts:
cervical and thoracic
Trapezius is bounded cranially by:
cleidocephalicus
Trapezius is bounded caudally by:
latissimus dorsi
Trapezius action
abduct forelimb (elevates)
trapezius insertion
scapular spine
trapezius origin
supraspinous ligament & nuchal ligament
aponeurosis
provides attachment for wide muscles
Trapezius overlaps
latissimus dorsi GET CLARIFICATION
What overlaps the trapezius?
cleidocephalicus GET CLARIFICATION
Nuchal ligament origin
spinous process of T1
nuchal ligament insertion
caudal aspect of spinous process of the axis
Sternocephalicus two parts:
pars mastoideus, pars occipitalis
Ventral portion of sternocephalicus
pars mastoideus
dorsal portion of sternocephalicus
pars occipitalis
How many muscle bellies are on the sternocephalicus?
2
What crosses the sternocephalicus obliquely?
jugular vein
Pars occipitalis characteristics
flat, thin
pars mastoideus characteristics
thick, rounded, the “chief”
Pars occipitalis insertion
nuchal crest
pars mastoideus insertion
mastoid process
sternocephalicus origin
manubrium sterni
Sternocephalicus action
draw head and neck to side
sternocephalicus innervation
accessory nerve and ventral branches of cervical nerves
omotransversarius characteristics
straplike
omotransversarius origin
scapular spine
omotransversarius insertion
wing of atlas
omotransversarius innervation
accessory nerve
omotransversarius is deep or superficial to cleidocephalicus
deep
omotransversarius is next to what lymph node
superficial cervical lymph node
Superficial pectoral muscles have two parts:
descending and transverse
superficial pectoral characteristics
caudal border = thin
cranial border = thick/round
descending pectoral characteristics
smaller, superficial
descending pectoral origin
1st sterbebra
descending pectoral insertion
crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus
transverse pectoral origin
first 2-3 sternebrae
transverse pectoral insertion
crest of the greater tubercle of the humerus
deep =
ascending
superficial pectoral action
adduct limb
Superficial pectoral muscle extends from:
sternum to humerus
cranial portion of superficial pectoral
descending
caudal portion of superficial pectoral
transverse
superficial pectoral function when weight baring
prevent adduction
what nerve is found below the transverse muscle
brachioplexis
superficial pectoral innervation
cranial pectoral nerve and accessory spinal nerve
axillary region
armpit
superficial pectoral thickness increases going:
caudally