Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MSK Week 1 > Vertebral Column > Flashcards

Vertebral Column Flashcards

1
Q

how many cervical vertebrae are there?

A

7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

how many thoracic vertebrae are there?

A

12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how many lumbar vertebrae are there?

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how many sacral vertebrae are there?

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how many coccygeal vertebrae are there?

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

which vertebrae have a transverse foramen? why?

A

cervical vertebrae for the vertebral artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what vertebrae have motions associated with them?

A

cervical 7
thoracic 12
lumbar 5
total of 24

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

name the four curvatures of the SC

A

cervical
thoracic
lumbar
sacral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

which curvatures are primary and which are secondary?

A

cervical and lumbar are secondary

thoracic and sacral are primary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

do primary curvatures shape out or in?

A

primary shape out and secondary shape in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

name the three abnormal curvature shapes in the SC

A

kyphosis
lordosis
scoliosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

describe the issue in kyphosis

A

accentuated thoracic curvature…called hunchback

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

describe the change to curvature in lordosis

A

accentuated lumbar curvature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the change in scoliosis?

A

abnormal lateral curvature and rotation of vertebral column

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what two things make up the vertebral arch?

A

pedicles and laminae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

which of pedicles or laminae articulate with the body of a vertebrae?

A

pedicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how many processes do vertbrae have?

A

7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

name the seven processes

A

four articular processes
two transverse processes
one spinous process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what two things make up a facet joint in the column?

A

between the superior and inferior articular processes of adjacent vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what type of joint is a facet joint?

A

synovial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what lies between the bodies of two vertebrae?

A

intervertebral discs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what are intervertebral discs made of? function?

A

cartilage for weight bearing and strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the pars intra articularis?

A

bony strut between the superior and inferior articular process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are the two parts of the intervertebral disc?

A

anulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is the role of the anulus fibrosus in the IV discs?

A

concentric layers of cartilage that adheres to the vertebral bodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is the role of the nucleus pulposus in the IV discs?

A

gelatinous mass that serves as shock absorber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what do spinal nerves pass through when coming out of the spinal cord?

A

intervertebral foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what two portions of the VC does most movement occur in ?

A

cervical and lumbar regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

name the two locations that are most prone to fracture in the spinal column

A

cervicothoracic jxn

thoracolumbar jxn

30
Q

why are the cervicothoracic jxn and the thoracolumbar jxn prone to fractures?

A

because the cervical and lumbar move a lot but the thoracic do not so you get a lot of stress at these junctions

31
Q

what plane are cervical facet joints in? what motion does this allow?

A

transverse plane

multiaxial motion

32
Q

what plane are thoracic facet joints in? what motion does this allow?

A

frontal plane..minimal motion, but mainly rotational

33
Q

what plane are lumbar facet joints in? what motion does this allow?

A

sagittal plane…allows flexion and extension

34
Q

what is the first cervical vert calles?

A

atlas

35
Q

what is the second cervical vert called?

A

axis

36
Q

the superior facets of the atlas articulate with what?

A

occipital condyles

37
Q

what is the shape of the atlas?

A

ring shaped bone

38
Q

what is the distinguishing feature of the axis?

A

tooth like process called the dens

39
Q

what is the atlantooccipital joint?

A

joint between the atlas and occipital condyles

40
Q

what movement does the atlantoccipital joint allow?

A

in sagittal plane…shaking head yes

41
Q

what is a common name for the fracture of the atlas? when does this happen?

A

jeffersons fracture

commonly from diving accidents

42
Q

name the three joints between the atlas and axis

A

median atlantoaxial joint

two lateral atlantoaxial joints

43
Q

what is the median atlantoaxial joint between?

A

dens of C2 and anterior arch of C1

44
Q

atalantoaxial joints allow movement in what plane?

A

transverse…shaking head no

45
Q

how many cervical spinal nerves are there?

A

8

46
Q

how many thoracic spinal nerves are there?

A

12

47
Q

how many lumbar spinal nerves are there?

A

5

48
Q

how many sacral spinal nerves are there?

A

5

49
Q

how many coccygeal spinal nerves are there?

A

1

50
Q

what are the two roots of spinal nerves?

A

ventral and dorsal

51
Q

what does ventral roots contain?

A

axons of somatic motor efferent nerves

52
Q

what do dorsal roots contain?

A

axons of somatic sensory afferent nerves

53
Q

is info going to or from the SC in the ventral root?

A

from

54
Q

is info going to or from the SC in the dorsal root?

A

to

55
Q

what do the roots combine to form?

A

the spinal nerve

56
Q

what does the spinal nerve then divide into?

A

ventral and dorsal ramus

57
Q

what does the dorsal ramus contain?

A

nerve axons to and from the muscles of the back and overlying skin on back

58
Q

what does the ventral ramus do/contain?

A

nerve axons to and from the body wall and the upper and lower limbs

59
Q

where does dorsal ramus send and receive info from

A

back muscles and skin on back

60
Q

where does ventral ramus send and receive info?

A

body wall and limbs

61
Q

what is another name for the dens of C2?

A

odontoid process

62
Q

name the five ligaments of the VC

A 
anterior longitudinal
posterior longitudinal
supraspinous 
interspinous 
ligamentum flava
63
Q

what is another fracture name for the fracture of C2?

A

hangman fracture

64
Q

where is the anterior longitudinal ligament of the spine located?

A

on anterior surfaces of the bodies of vertebrae

65
Q

what does the anterior longitudinal ligament prevent?

A

hyperextension

66
Q

where is the posterior longitudinal ligament located?

A

in the vertebral canal on the posterior surface of bodies of vertebrae

67
Q

where is the supraspinous ligament located?

A

spinous processes from the sacrum to the C7 on

68
Q

where is the ligamentum nuchae located?

A

broad strong ligament in the neck

69
Q

what does the ligamentum nuchae provide?

A

site for attachment of cervical muscles

70
Q

where is the interspinous ligament located?

A

adjacent spinous processes

71
Q

where is the ligamentum flavum located in the vertebral column?

A

elastic fibers adjoining adjacent lamina of vertbrae

MSK Week 1 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions