Shoulder Joint Flashcards
name the two tubercles of the glenoid on the scapula
supraglenoid
infraglenoid
what attaches to the infraglenoid tubercle
long head of tricep
what attaches to the supraglenoid tubercle
long head of bicep
name the two articular surfaces of the distal humerus
capitulum and trochlea
what articulates with the capitulum
head of radium
what articulates with the trochlea
ulna
is capitulum medial or lateral?
lateral
what is the groove on the posterior surface of the humerus?
radial groove
what two things course along the radial groove?
radial nerve and deep brachial artery
what is the distal groove on the humerus? what passes through it?
ulnar…the ulnar nerve
what is the other name for the ulnar groove?
funny bone
a fracture mid way down the humerus leaves what nerve in trouble?
radial nerv
a fracture at top of or at surgical neck of humerus leaves what nerve in trouble?
axillary nerve
what is in the valves of veins in the arm to help venous return?
valves
name the three levels of veins in the arm
superficial
deep
perforating
which set of arm veins is paired and named to match the artery it runs with?
deep veins
what is the other name of the deep vein pairs?
venae communicantes
name the two large superficial veins of the arm
cephalic and basilic
which of cephalic or basilic is lateral and which is medial?
cephalic is lateral and basilic is medial
what is the name of the vein that communicated between the cephalic and basilic veins?
medial cubital vein
name the layer of fascia surrounding the arm
brachial fascia
where does the brachial fascia come from?
axillary fascia
how does the brachial fascia divide the arm up?
they compartmentalize it via medial and lateral intermuscular septa that connect to the humerus
how does the brachial fascia compartmentalizes muscles
with similar function and innervation
name the three muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm
biceps
coracobrachialis
brachialis
what nerve innervates the biceps, coracobrachialis and brachialis?
musculocutaneous nerve
where does the short head of the bicep originate?
coracoid process of scapule
where does the long head of the bicep originate?
supraglenoid tubercle
a muscle that crosses two major joints has what tendency?
tear
where does bicep insert?
radial tuberosity
what two joints does the bicep cross?
shoulder and elbow
what are the two actions of bicep?
flexion and supination of the arm
what roots from the musculocutaneous nerve innervate the anterior compartment muscles?
C56
what happens when you rupture your bicep?
you get a ball in the middle of your arm
where does the bicep tendon usually rupture?
supragelnoid tubercle
where does the brachialis insert?
ulnar tiberosity
what is action of brachialis?
flexor of arm
where is brachialis located
just deep to bicep
where does coracobrachialis originate and insert?
origin is coracoid
insert on humerus
what is action of coracobrachialis?
flexor and adductor of arm
the musculocutaneous nerve innervates the anterior muscles of the arm then continues as what nerve in the forearm?
lateral cutaneous nerve
the brachial artery accompanies what nerve as it traverses the upper arm?
median nerve
the brachial artery divides into two arteries…name them
radial and ulnar arteries
name the five branches of the brachial artery
deep brachial artery
radial and middle collateral arteries
superior and inferior ulnar arteries
the deep brachial artery runs with what nerve?
radial nerve
the superior ulnar artery runs with what nerve in what location?
ulnar nerve posterior to medial epicondyle of the humerus
muscles of the posterior arm compartment are innervated by what nerve/
radial nerve
name the three heads of the tricep
long lateral and medial
where do all heads of the tricep insert
olecranon process of the ulna
what nerve roots of the radial nerve innervate the tricep?
C678
where does the long head of tricep originate?
infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
where does the lateral head of tricep originate?
posterior surface of the humerus
where does the medial head of tricep originate?
posterior surface of the humerus
what does radial nerve give rise to in the forearm?
posterior cutaneous nerves of arm and forearm
mid shaft humeral fractures can present with what? why?
wrist drop because it can cause issues with the radial nerve which innervated the extensors of the forearm
what are the two lymph drainages of the arm?
superficial and deep
superficial lymph drainage collects from where?
skin and subQ tissue
deep lymph drainage collects from where?
bones muscle joints
deep lymph follows what veins?
deep veins
superficial lymph follows what veins?
cephalic and basilic
lymph from right arm joins what main lymph duct?
right lymphatic duct
lymph from left arm joins what main lymph duct?
thoracic duct
what is the glenoid labrum? what is its purpose?
fibrocartilaginous ring that surrounds and deepens the glenoid cavity…gives more stability
what does the glenohumeral joint have surrounding it?
fibrous capsule
what tendon does the fibrous capsule cover in the glenohumeral joint?
long head of the biceps
name the three glenohumeral ligaments that help strengthen the joint
superior middle inferior
what direction do the glenohumeral joints help strengthen the joint?
anterior aspect
what is the ligament that protects the glenohumeral joint from dislocation?
coracoacromial ligament
what is the role of the transverse humeral ligament?
holds the bicep tendon in the bicipital groove
where do shoulder dislocations commonly occur?
in the anterior inferior direction moving the head of the humerus under the coracoid
