Posterior Shoulder Anatomy Flashcards
name the five important features of the posterior surface of the scapula
suprspinous fossa spine of the scapula infraspinous fossa suprscapular notch acromion
name the two tubercles of the humerus
greater and lesser tubercle
which tubercle is located most lateral on the humerus?
greater tubercle
what is the surgical neck of the humerus?
common site for fractures that is close to the proximal end of the humerus
is flexion lifting your arm up or taking it back?
lifting it up
is extension lifting your arm up or taking it back?
taking it back
if you abduct your arm what happens to the scapula?
lateral rotation of the scapula
if you adduct your arm what happens to the scapula?
adduction leads to medial rotation of the scapula
what nerve innervates the serratus anterior?
long thoracic nerve
what are the nerve roots of the long thoracic nerve?
C5,6,7
where does the serratus anterior insert?
medial border of the scapula
what is the role of the serratus anterior?
stabilizes the scapula and protracts it
what happens when you knick the long thoracic nerve?
can lead to a winged scapula because the serratus anterior no longer stabilizing the scapula
where does the long thoracic lye? what does this make easy to happen to it?
on top of the serratus anterior running down the chest wall
makes it easy for it to be knicked or cut
what is the action of the levator scapulae?
elevated the scapula
what is the action of the rhomboids?
retract the scapula
what nerve innervates the rhomboids and levator scapulae?
dorsal scapular nerve
what is the nerve root for the dorsal scapular nerve
C5
where does the deltoid insert
deltoid tuberosity
what nerve innervates the deltoid?
axillary nerve
what are the nerve roots of the axillary nerve?
C5,6
what is the action of the deltoid?
abductor of the arm
if you have axillary nerve damage what two findings can you have related to the shoulder?
loss of ability to abduct your arm and loss of sensation on the lateral arm surface
where is the teres major located?
inferolateral aspect of the scapula
what is the action of the teres major?
adducts, medially rotates, and extends the arm
where does the teres major insert?
intertubercular groove of the humerus
what nerve innervates the teres major?
lower subscapular nerve
what are the nerve roots of the lower subscapular nervr?
C5,6
what four muscles make up the shoulder cuff
suprapinatus
infraspinatus
subscapularis
teres minor
where does the supraspinatus muscle insert?
greater tubercle of the humerus
where does the infraspinatus muscle insert?
greater tubercle of the humerus
what is the action of the supraspinatus?
abduction of the arm
what is the action of the infraspinatus?
lateral rotation of the arm
what nerve innervates the supraspinatus and infraspinatus?
suprascapular nerve
what are the nerve roots of the suprascapular nerve?
C5 and 6
what nerve innervates the teres minor?
axillary nerve
what is the action of the teres minor?
lateral rotation of the arm
where does the teres minor insert?
greater tubercle of the humerus
where does the subscapularis muscle insert?
lesser tubercle of the humerus
what is the action of the subscapularis?
medially rotate and adduct the arm
what nerve innervates the subscapularis?
upper and lower subscapularis nerves
what are the nerve roots for the upper and lower subscapularis nerves/
C56
the suprspinatus muscle has to run between what two structures that make a tight space?
acromion and head of humerus
what is the tight space the supraspinatus travels through called
subacromial space
what is it called when you get inflammation of the subacromial bursa?
shoulder bursitis or subacromial bursitis
what muscle of the rotator cuff is most commonly torn?
supraspinatus
where is the suprascapular notch located?
on the superior surface of the scapula
what is the ligament that traverses the suprascapular notch?
superior transveres scapular ligament
what is the space under the superior transverse scapular ligament called?
suprscapular notch
what passes through the suprascapular notch?
suprascapular nerve
what passes over the ligament/suprascapular notch?
suprascapular artery
what is the name of the space on the posterior aspect of the scapula that contains the axillary nerve and the posterior circumflex humoral artery?
quadrangular space
name the four boundaries of the quadrangular space
teres major
teres minor
long head of triceps
surgical neck of humerus
name the two things that pass through the quadrangular space
axillary nerve and posterior circumfles humora; artery
