Posterior Shoulder Anatomy

Question 1

name the five important features of the posterior surface of the scapula

Answer 1

suprspinous fossa
spine of the scapula
infraspinous fossa
suprscapular notch
acromion

Question 2

name the two tubercles of the humerus

Answer 2

greater and lesser tubercle

Question 3

which tubercle is located most lateral on the humerus?

Answer 3

greater tubercle

Question 4

what is the surgical neck of the humerus?

Answer 4

common site for fractures that is close to the proximal end of the humerus

Question 5

is flexion lifting your arm up or taking it back?

Answer 5

lifting it up

Question 6

is extension lifting your arm up or taking it back?

Answer 6

taking it back

Question 7

if you abduct your arm what happens to the scapula?

Answer 7

lateral rotation of the scapula

Question 8

if you adduct your arm what happens to the scapula?

Answer 8

adduction leads to medial rotation of the scapula

Question 9

what nerve innervates the serratus anterior?

Answer 9

long thoracic nerve

Question 10

what are the nerve roots of the long thoracic nerve?

Answer 10

C5,6,7

Question 11

where does the serratus anterior insert?

Answer 11

medial border of the scapula

Question 12

what is the role of the serratus anterior?

Answer 12

stabilizes the scapula and protracts it

Question 13

what happens when you knick the long thoracic nerve?

Answer 13

can lead to a winged scapula because the serratus anterior no longer stabilizing the scapula

Question 14

where does the long thoracic lye? what does this make easy to happen to it?

Answer 14

on top of the serratus anterior running down the chest wall

makes it easy for it to be knicked or cut

Question 15

what is the action of the levator scapulae?

Answer 15

elevated the scapula

Question 16

what is the action of the rhomboids?

Answer 16

retract the scapula

Question 17

what nerve innervates the rhomboids and levator scapulae?

Answer 17

dorsal scapular nerve

Question 18

what is the nerve root for the dorsal scapular nerve

Answer 18

C5

Question 19

where does the deltoid insert

Answer 19

deltoid tuberosity

Question 20

what nerve innervates the deltoid?

Answer 20

axillary nerve

Question 21

what are the nerve roots of the axillary nerve?

Answer 21

C5,6

Question 22

what is the action of the deltoid?

Answer 22

abductor of the arm

Question 23

if you have axillary nerve damage what two findings can you have related to the shoulder?

Answer 23

loss of ability to abduct your arm and loss of sensation on the lateral arm surface

Question 24

where is the teres major located?

Answer 24

inferolateral aspect of the scapula

Question 25

what is the action of the teres major?

Answer 25

adducts, medially rotates, and extends the arm

Question 26

where does the teres major insert?

Answer 26

intertubercular groove of the humerus

Question 27

what nerve innervates the teres major?

Answer 27

lower subscapular nerve

Question 28

what are the nerve roots of the lower subscapular nervr?

Answer 28

C5,6

Question 29

what four muscles make up the shoulder cuff

Answer 29

suprapinatus
infraspinatus
subscapularis
teres minor

Question 30

where does the supraspinatus muscle insert?

Answer 30

greater tubercle of the humerus

Question 31

where does the infraspinatus muscle insert?

Answer 31

greater tubercle of the humerus

Question 32

what is the action of the supraspinatus?

Answer 32

abduction of the arm

Question 33

what is the action of the infraspinatus?

Answer 33

lateral rotation of the arm

Question 34

what nerve innervates the supraspinatus and infraspinatus?

Answer 34

suprascapular nerve

Question 35

what are the nerve roots of the suprascapular nerve?

Answer 35

C5 and 6

Question 36

what nerve innervates the teres minor?

Answer 36

axillary nerve

Question 37

what is the action of the teres minor?

Answer 37

lateral rotation of the arm

Question 38

where does the teres minor insert?

Answer 38

greater tubercle of the humerus

Question 39

where does the subscapularis muscle insert?

Answer 39

lesser tubercle of the humerus

Question 40

what is the action of the subscapularis?

Answer 40

medially rotate and adduct the arm

Question 41

what nerve innervates the subscapularis?

Answer 41

upper and lower subscapularis nerves

Question 42

what are the nerve roots for the upper and lower subscapularis nerves/

Answer 42

C56

Question 43

the suprspinatus muscle has to run between what two structures that make a tight space?

Answer 43

acromion and head of humerus

Question 44

what is the tight space the supraspinatus travels through called

Answer 44

subacromial space

Question 45

what is it called when you get inflammation of the subacromial bursa?

Answer 45

shoulder bursitis or subacromial bursitis

Question 46

what muscle of the rotator cuff is most commonly torn?

Answer 46

supraspinatus

Question 47

where is the suprascapular notch located?

Answer 47

on the superior surface of the scapula

Question 48

what is the ligament that traverses the suprascapular notch?

Answer 48

superior transveres scapular ligament

Question 49

what is the space under the superior transverse scapular ligament called?

Answer 49

suprscapular notch

Question 50

what passes through the suprascapular notch?

Answer 50

suprascapular nerve

Question 51

what passes over the ligament/suprascapular notch?

Answer 51

suprascapular artery

Question 52

what is the name of the space on the posterior aspect of the scapula that contains the axillary nerve and the posterior circumflex humoral artery?

Answer 52

quadrangular space

Question 53

name the four boundaries of the quadrangular space

Answer 53

teres major
teres minor
long head of triceps
surgical neck of humerus

Question 54

name the two things that pass through the quadrangular space

Answer 54

axillary nerve and posterior circumfles humora; artery