Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

SHB Exam 1 > Vertebral column > Flashcards

Vertebral column Flashcards

1
Q

How many vertebrae in each type of column?

A 
C-7
T-12
L-5
S-5 (fused)
Co-4 (fused)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are 4 curvatures of the vertebral column?

Primary or secondary?

A
  • cervical lordosis (2ndary)
  • thoracic kyphosis (primary)
  • lumbar lordosis (2ndary)
  • sacral kyphosis (primary)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Main distinguishing characteristics from 3 vertebral regions?

A

C-has transverse foramina, smallest body
T-has costal facets
L-has largest body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a cervical rib?

A

Extra rib articulating w/C7, may need to be removed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a lumbar rib?

A

Extra rib articulating w/L1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is sacralization?

A

L5 is partially incorporated into the sacrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is lumbarization?

A

S1 is partially separated from the rest of the sacrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Characteristics of joints of the vertebral bodies:

A

INTERVERTEBRAL DISCS

  • secondary cartilaginous (fibrous) joints designed for weigh-bearing/strength
  • connected by intervertebral discs & ligaments
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Intervertebral discs consist of:

A
  • annulus fibrosis: composed of outer concentric lamellae of fibrocartilage
  • nucleus pulposis: gelatinous central mass/core
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the joints of the vertebral arches called. What type of joint are they?

A

Zygapophysial joints AKA facet joints

-plane synovial joints (some gliding & sliding, each surrounded by thin joint capsule)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Anterior longitudinal ligament (of vertebral column)

A

Connects anterior vertebral column and IV discs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Posterior longitudinal ligament (of vertebral column)

A

Connects posterior vertebral column and IV discs (it’s w/in the vertebral canal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ligamentum flavum (of vertebral column)

A

Connects adjacent vertebral laminae

-flava = “yellow elastic tissue”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Interspinus ligament (of vertebral column)

A

connect vertebral spines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Supraspinous ligament (of vertebral column)

A

connects vertebral spinous tips

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Intertransverse ligament (of vertebral column)

A

connects vertebral transverse processes

17
Q 
Ligamentum nuchae (of vertebral column)
AKA nuchal ligament
A

Essentially a continuation of the supraspinous ligament, it’s a strong triangular ligament at the back of the neck

18
Q

The spinal cord ends at a structure called the __________. What vertebral level does it go to in adults/children?

A
  • Conus medullaris

- Adults: L1 or L2; children: L3

19
Q

What are the 3 crevices of the spinal cord?

A

Posterior median sulcus
Posterolateral sulcus
Anterior median fissure

20
Q

Where is the cervical enlargement? What do they generally innervate?

A

C5-T1 spinal nerve origins (innervate UEs)

21
Q

Where is the lumbosacral enlargement? What do they generally innervate?

A

L1-S3 spinal nerve origins (innervate LEs)

22
Q

What aa. supply the spinal cord?

A

1 anterior spinal a. and 2 posterior spinal aa. (which are branches of the vertebral a.).
As they descend the cord, they receive blood from the radicular aa.

23
Q

Explain venous drainage of the spinal cord.

A

Longitudinal channels drain into an extensive internal vertebral venous plexus in the epidural space of the vertebral canal.

24
Q

Where is dura mater & arachnoid mater located over the spinal cord?

A

Foramen magnum –> S2

25
Q

Which layer does CSF circulate?

A

Subarachnoid space

26
Q

Where does the pia mater transition to the filum terminale? What is filum terminale composed of?

A
  • L1

- Pia & dura mater (mostly pia)

27
Q

Where does the filum terminale start and end? What are in it?

A

-Conus medullaris –> coccyx

28
Q

What is a denticulate ligament?

A
  • A toothed ligament formed by pia mater. Extends laterally, pierces arachnoid to be attached to the dura b/w the spinal roots.
  • May provide stability to the spinal cord
29
Q

Where is an ideal spot for an LP? Where does the spinal cord end in adults?

A
  • L3/L4

- Ends at L1/L2 in adults

30
Q

Name the layers of the vertebral canal, starting superficially.

A
  1. Epidural space
  2. Dura mater
  3. Subdural space
  4. Arachnoid mater
  5. Subarachnoid space w/CSF
  6. Pia mater
  7. Spinal cord & cauda equina
31
Q

Anterior/ventral nerve roots tend to be ____________ (fcn), while posterior/dorsal nerve roots tend to be ________________(fcn).

A
  • Efferent (Motor)

- Afferent (Sensory)

32
Q

What are spinal nerves?

A

Where dorsal nerve roots and ventral nerve roots mix; divide into posterior ramus & anterior ramus

33
Q

Dorsal ramus conveys info to:

A

-Motor and sensory to and from back skin & intrinsic back mm.

34
Q

Ventral ramus conveys info to:

A

-Motor and sensory to all skin except back; skeletal mm. of the neck, limbs, & trunk

SHB Exam 1 (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions