Vertebral Column Flashcards

1
Q

Vertebral regions

A
Cervical- neck
Thoracic- thoracic cavity/rib cage area
Lumbar- lower back
Sacral- hip area
Caudal- tail
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2
Q

Formula for # of different veterbre per region in a dog

A

C-7, T-13, L-7, S-3, Cd-20

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3
Q

Body of vert.

A

solid cylinder of bone ventral to canal for spinal cord

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4
Q

Vertebral arch

A

forms lateral and dorsal boundaries of the foramen

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5
Q

Vertebral foramen

A

forms the vertebral canal for the spinal cord

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6
Q

Pedicles

A

lateral parts of vertebral foramen

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7
Q

Lamina

A

dorsal part of vertebral foramen

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8
Q

What part of the vertebra is removed to relieve pressure from the spinal cord

A

the lamina

known as a laminectomy

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9
Q

Pedicles contain

A

caudal and cranial vertebral notches

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10
Q

Intervertebral foramina is formed by

A

the vertebral notches of adjacent vertebrea

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11
Q

What are the bony processes in the “typical” vertebra

A

Spinous process- dorsal mid-line of vertebral lamina
Transverse process- paired extensions from either side of vertebrae
Cranial & caudal articular processes- on lamina & extend cranially or caudally to articulate with the adjacent vertebrae

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12
Q

Which vertebra articulates cranially with the occipital condyles of the skull?

A

Atlas

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13
Q

Joint between the atlas and the skull? Primary movement?

A

Atlantoocipital joint

Flexion and extension (“yes” movement)

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14
Q

2nd cervical vertebra and its joint with the 1st cervical vertebra?

A

Axis

Atlantoaxial joint

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15
Q

Differences between the typical vert and the atlas

A

Body replaced by ventral arch
Dorsal arch contains pedicles and lamina
Transverse processes are shelf like and called the wings of the atlas

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16
Q

Major m. that attaches to the Atlas

A

Omotransversarious

17
Q

Movement of the axis vert

A

Rotation (“no” movement)

18
Q

Foramina of the atlas

A

Vertebral foramen
Transverse foramina- Dorsalcaudal wings of atlas going dorsalventral
Lateral vertebral foramina- lateral surface of dorsal arch open into vertebral foramen

19
Q

Where do the first (cranial most) cervical spinal nerves exit the spinal cord to go out into the body?

A

Lateral vertebral foramina of the atlas

20
Q

Alar notch

A

notch in the cranial border of the wing of the atlas where it joins the dorsal and ventral arches

21
Q

Differences between the typical vert and the axis

A

Spinous process runs length of the vertebra
Cranial processes of the body called the dens
Transverse foramen- passes through base of transverse process

22
Q

Differences in 3-7 cervical vertebrae

A

3-6 have transverse foramen
C3 spinous process is small, progressively larger 4,5,6,&7
C6 transverse process is expanded

23
Q

Differences between the typical vert and thoracic vert as a group

A

Well developed spinous processes, progressively larger 1-7 & smaller 7-13
Articular facets for the ribs

24
Q

Differences between thoracic vertebrea

A

1-10 have cranial and caudal costal fovea for rib articulation
11-13 have only on costal fovea
Mid thoracic mid lumbar have an accessory process, caudal process from the pedicle

25
Q

Differences between the typical vert and lumbar vert as a group

A

Well developed transverse processes

Spinous processes wide and taller the T13