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Summer Dog Anatomy > Nervous System Lecture > Flashcards

Nervous System Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

Organs of the nervous system

A

Brain
Spinal cord
Nerves

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2
Q

Functions of the nervous system

A

Perceive
Transmit
Process (integrate)
Store

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3
Q

Primary goal of the nervous system

A

to use basic functions to maintain body homeostasis

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4
Q

Cell types of the nervous system

A

Neurons, Neuoglia

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5
Q

Parts of a neuron

A

Cell body, cell processes (dendrite(s) and axon)

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6
Q

Shape and function of types of neurons

A

Bipolar- sensory specifically vision, smell, taste
Pseudounipolar- all other sensory
Multipolar- motor

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7
Q

Anatomical classifications of nervous system

A

Central nervous system

Peripheral nervous system- 12 cranial nerves and 35 spinal nerves

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8
Q

Spinal nerve formula for a dog

A

8Cervical, 13Thoracic, 7Lumbar, 3Sacral, 4Caudal

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9
Q

Area of the nervous system that is exclusively information in to the CNS.

A

Dorsal root

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10
Q

Area of the nervous system that is exclusively commands out of the CNS.

A

Ventral root

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11
Q

Mass of cell bodies in the CNS

A

Grey matter

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12
Q

Mass of cell bodies in the PNS

A

Ganglion

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13
Q

General path of sensory information from the body to the spinal cord

A

Dorsal and ventral branch
Dorsal root ganglion
Dorsal root
Dorsal lobe of grey matter

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14
Q

General path of command information from the spinal cord to the body

A

Interneuron
Ventral root
Dorsal and ventral branch

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15
Q

Reflexes skip the brain by following what path

A

sensory path to the spinal cord
Interneuron
Motor path to the body

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16
Q

Brachial plexus is composed of what spinal segments

A

C6-T2

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17
Q

Purpose for redundancy of nerve paths from the brachial plexus to the thoracic limb

A

To mitigate loss of use of the thoracic limb due to injury

18
Q

Important named nerve from the brachial plexus

A

Radial nerve- C7-C2, allows weight bearing on the limb by causing the elbow joint to be extended

19
Q

Lumbrosacral plexus is composed of what spinal segments

A

L4-S3

20
Q

Important named nerve from the lumbrosacral plexus

A

Femoral nerve,
L4-6,
Innervates the quadriceps femoris,
Extends the stifle joint for weight bearing

21
Q

Functional classifications of the nervous system

A

GSE (general somatic efferent)- controls skeletal mm.
GVE (general visceral efferent)- controls cardiac and smooth mm. and glands.
GSA (general somatic afferent)- senses external environment.
GVA (general visceral afferent)- senses internal environment.

22
Q

Functional classification(s) of the nervous system found in all spinal nerves

A

GSE, GSA, GVE

23
Q

Functional classification(s) of the autonomic nervous system

A

GVE, GVS

24
Q

Matching:
(Voluntary, involuntary, conscious, unconscious)
with
(GSE, GSA, GVA, GVE)

A

GSE- voluntary,
GSA- consious,
GVE- involuntary,
GVA- unconsious

25
Q

Divisions of autonomic nervous system

A

Parasympathetic,

Sympathetic

26
Q

Parasympathetic function and origin

A

Housekeeping,

S1-3 and Cranial nerves 3,7,9,10

27
Q

Sympathetic function and origin

A

fight or flight,

T1-L4

28
Q

3 major concepts of autonomic nervous system

A

2 neuron chains, location of cell bodies, dual innervation

29
Q

General locations of cell bodies for parasympathetic

A

1st: S1-3 and cranial nerves 3,7,9,10.
2nd: Organ tissue

30
Q

General locations of cell bodies for parasympathetic

A

1st: T1-L4.
2nd: Ganglions

31
Q

Dual innervation

A

innervated by both parasympathetic and sympathetic to provided opposite effects.
Not applicable to extremities.

32
Q

Sympathetic innervation to the heart: action and path

A

Increase heart rate and cardiac output.
Grey matter, ventral root, spinal n., ramus communicans, sympathetic trunk, ganglion near heart, post ganglion n., heart mm.

33
Q

General sympathetic innervation to organs in the trunk

A

Grey matter, ventral root, spinal n., ramus communicans, sympathetic trunk, ganglion near target organ/tissue, post ganglion n., target organ/tissue

34
Q

Sympathetic innervation to the head: action

A

shutdown salivary glands and dilate pupils

35
Q

Sympathetic innervation to the extremities (periphery): path

A

Grey matter, ventral root, spinal n., ramus communicans, ganglion in the sympathetic trunk, ramus communicans, spinal n., dorsal or ventral branch, target tissue

36
Q

Parasympathetic innervation to thoracic and abdominal viscera: path and action

A

slow cardiac output and heart rate.

Brain, cranial nerve 10, vagosympathetic trunk, cranial nerve 10, organ

37
Q

Parasympathetic innervation to head: path and action

A

Constrict pupil, turn on salivary gland secretion.

Cranial nn. 3,7,9 to organ

38
Q

Parasympathetic innervation to pelvic viscera

A

Sacral gray matter, spinal n., pelvic n., organs

39
Q

Sympathetic innervation to pelvic viscera

A

Lumbar grey matter, caudal thoracic/lumbar spinal n., lumbar splanchnic nn., caudal mesenteric ganglion, hypogastric nn., urinary bladder

40
Q

Accessory n. Is functionally classified as

A

GSE

Summer Dog Anatomy (10 decks)

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