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Summer Dog Anatomy > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q

System that is a closed loop

A

Blood vascular system

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2
Q

Parts of the blood vascular system

A

Heart, arteries, arterioles, veins, veinules, capillaries

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3
Q

System that is open ended

A

Lymphatic system

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4
Q

Organs of the lymphatic system

A

Lymphatic vessels, collections of lymphatic tissue

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5
Q

Discrete collections of lymphatic tissue are called

A

lymph nodes

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6
Q

Diffuse collections of lymphatic tissue are part of

A

organ walls

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7
Q

Structure to prevent back flow in the circulatory system

A

valves

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8
Q

Functions of the circulatory system

A

Transport & exchange
Immunity
Thermoregulation

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9
Q

What drives the circuit of the blood vascular system?

A

Hydro-static pressure also known as blood pressure

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10
Q 
Pressure (in mmhg) of blood at these stages:
Leaving the heart
At the tissue
In the capillaries
In the atria of the heart
A

Leaving the heart: 125 in Aorta, 25 in Pulmonary trunk

At the tissue: 25-30

In the capillaries: 15

In the atria of the heart: 2 in R Atrium, 3 in L Atrium

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11
Q

What fluid is carried by the lymphatic system

A

Interstitial fluid

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12
Q

What is the process of the lymphatic system/pattern?

A

Movement of mm. squeezes interstitial fluid into the open ducts of the system

Fluid is moved along to a lymph node where it is checked for foreign mater, bacteria, viruses, ext. and the lymph node works to kill and remove the foreign matter

Fluid continues along the lymphatic vessels and nodes on its path to the heart where it is reincorporated with the blood vascular system

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13
Q

What are the different circulatory patterns?

A

System pattern
Pulmonary pattern
Lymphatic pattern
Fetal pattern

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14
Q

Function and path of the system pattern

A

Function: Transport and exchange nutrients and waste

Heart, Aorta, Arteries, Capillary bed, Veins, Vena cava, Heart

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15
Q

Function and path of the pulmonary pattern

A

Function: Transport and exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide

Heart, Pulmonary trunk, Pulmonary arteries, Capillary be in lungs, Pulmonary veins, Heart

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16
Q

Function and path of the Portal system

A

Function: Acquire nutrients from GI and filter absorbed material from GI tract in the liver

Heart, Aorta, Arteries, Capillary bed of GI, Hepatic portal vein, Capillary bed of liver, Veins, Vena cava, Heart

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17
Q

Chambers of the heart

A

R & L Atria

R & L Ventricles

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18
Q

Wall between the L & R halves of the heart

A

Sept: Interatrial between atria & interventricular between ventricles

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19
Q

Valves of the heart

A

Atrioventricular valves: R is tricuspid, L is mitral
Pulmonic valve
Aortic valve

20
Q

Holes between atria and ventricles

A

Atrioventricular orifices

21
Q

Cranialdorsal chambers of the heart

A

Atria

22
Q

Caudalventral chambers of the heart

A

Ventricles

23
Q

Tissue acting like a stop cord for the atrioventricular valves

A

Chordae tendineae- attached to papillary mm. in ventricles

24
Q

Location of the pulmonic valve

A

R ventricle

25
Q

Location of the aortic valve

A

L ventricle

26
Q

Vena cava empty blood into which chamber of the heart

A

R atrium

27
Q

Pulmonary veins empty blood into which chamber of the heart

A

L atrium

28
Q

Purpose of valves in the circulatory system

A

Provide a one way flow of fluid

29
Q

Contraction of ventricles is called

A

Systole

30
Q

Relaxation of ventricles is called

A

Diastole

31
Q

Path of a blood cell

A

Vena Cava into RA at low O2 and 2mmhg
Diastole- RV drops to 0mmhg, tricuspid opens, blood fills RV
Systole- RV up to 25mmhg, tricuspid closes, pulmonic valve opens, blood flows into pulmonary trunk
Proceeds to lungs and back to heart via pulmanary veins
Blood enters LA at high O2 and 3mmhg
Diastole- LV drops to 0mmhg, mitral valve opens, blood fills LV
Systole- LV up to 125mmhg, mitral valve closes, aortic valve opens, blood flows into aorta
Proceeds to body tissue and back to Vena cava

32
Q

Cardiac Cycle

A

Systole- ventricles contract, atrioventricular valves close, blood from veins flow into atria, pulmonary and aortic valves open, blood from ventricles flow into pulmonary trunk and aorta
Diastole- ventricles relax to 0mmhg, atrioventricular valves open, pulmonary and aortic valves shut, blood flows from atria to ventricles
Repeate

33
Q

Blood pressure in pulmonic trunk

A

25/8 mmhg

34
Q

Blood pressure in aorta

A

125/80 mmhg

35
Q

What creates heart sounds?

A

Vibration due to valves closing and turbulence caused by blood flowing against the valves

36
Q

The closure of which valves creates the first heart sound?

A

Atrioventricular valves, the lub sound

37
Q

The closure of which valves creates the second heart sound?

A

Pulmonic and aortic valves, the dub sound

38
Q

Serous membrane of the heart is called

A

Pericardium

39
Q

Name 2 serous cavities of the thorax

A

Pericardial cavity and pleural cavity

40
Q

Name the 2 walls of the pericardial cavity

A 
Visceral pericardium (epicardium)
Parietal pericardium
41
Q

Pericardial sac is made up of

A

Mediastinal pleura
Fibrous pericardium
Parietal pericardium

42
Q

Goals of fetal circulation

A

Get maximal quality blood ( high oxygen and nutrients) to the brain with minimal mixing with low quality blood

43
Q

Unique fetal structures and their purpose

A

Umbilical arteries- get blood to the placenta from the fetus
Umbilical vein- get blood from the placenta to the fetus
Ductus venous- have high quality blood bypass the liver
Foramen ovale- have high quality blood bypass the pulmonary system and prevent mixing with low quality blood
Ductus arteriosus-have higher quantity of blood bypass the pulmonary system

44
Q

Consequence of birth for the fetal circulatory system

A

1st breath: inflate lungs, decrease lung resistance, increase blood flow to lungs, increasing oxygen levels in blood thus dilating pulmonary aa., constricting umbilical v. and aa., ductus venosus and arteriosus
Increase of blood flow to lungs: decrease pressure in R atrium and increases pressure in L atrium thus closing the fovea ovale

45
Q

Remnants of unique fetal circulatory system

A 
Umbilical v.- round lig. of liver
Umbilical aa.- round ligg. of urinary bladder
Ductus venous- ligamentum venosum
Foramen ovale- fossa ovalis
Ductus arteriosus- ligamentum arteriosum

Summer Dog Anatomy (10 decks)

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