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Summer Dog Anatomy > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

cutaneus trunci m.

A

Attaches: skin, fascia of the axilla

Action: twitch the skin

Location: thoracic region caudal to the forelimb

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2
Q

Extrinsic muscles of the forelimb

A

brachiocephalicus m., trapezius m., rhomboideus m., omotransversarius m., superficial pectoral m., deep pectoral m., latissimus dorsi m., serratus ventralis m.,

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3
Q

brachiocephalicus m.

A

Attachments: caudoventral surface of the skull (mastoid process), cranial half of the dorsal midline of the neck, cranial border of the distal humerus

Action: 1 m. pull head to side, both m. arch neck, limbs not fixed pull limb(s) cranially

Special: contains the vestigial clavical in clavicular tendon

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4
Q

trapezius m.

A

Origin: dorsal midline from 3rd cervical vert to 9th thoracic vert

Insertion: spine of the scapula via aponeurosis (also separates the cervical and thoracic parts)

Action: elevate the limb

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5
Q

rhomboideus m.

A

Origin: caudal surface of skull, dorsal midline of neck to 7th thoracic vert

Insertion: dorsal border of scapula

Action: elevate limb, pull dorsal scapula proximally

Location: deep to trapezius

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6
Q

omotransversarius m.

A

Attachments: distal end of s.o.s, wing of atlas
Action: limb fixed pull neck and head to side or ventrally, pull limb cranially
Special: superficial cervical lymph node(s) on deep side

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7
Q

superficial pectoral m.

A

Origin: cranial sternum

Insertion: crest of the greater tubercle of humerus

Action: adduct the limb

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8
Q

deep pectoral m.

A

Origin: sternum
Insertion: lesser and greater tubercles of humerus
Action: adduct limb, pull limb caudally, extend and flex shoulder jt, pull body cranially when limb bears weight

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9
Q

latissimus dorsi m.

A

Origin: spinous processes of thoracic and 1st few lumbar verts via thoracolumbar fascia
Insertion: teres major tuberosity
Action: pull limb caudally, flex shoulder, pull body cranially if limb fixed
Location: deep to cutaneus trunci, cover most of dorsolateral surface of thorax

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10
Q

serratus ventralis m.

A

Origin: last 5 cervical verts and 1st 7-8 ribs
Insertion: serrated face of the scapula
Action: support and elevate the trunk

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11
Q

Lateral muscles of shoulder

A

m.: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, deltoideus, teres minor

Actions: Lateral stabilization of shoulder jt., flex shoulder jt., (supraspinatus extends shoulder jt.)

Innervation: suprascapular n., axillary n.

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12
Q

Medial muscles of shoulder

A

M.: subscapularis, teres major, coracovrachialis

Actions: Medial stabilization of shoulder jt., flex shoulder jt., adduct limb

Innervation: Subscapular n., axillary n., musculocutaneous n.

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13
Q

Cranial muscles of the arm

A

M.: Biceps brachii, brachialis

Actions: Flex elbow jt., (biceps brachii extends the shoulder jt.)

N.: musculocutaneous

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14
Q

Caudal muscles of the arm

A

M.: tensor fascia antebrachii, triceps brachii, anconeus

Action: Extend elbow jt.

N.: radial

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15
Q

Craniolateral muscles of forearm

A

M.: extensor carpi radialis, common digital extensor, lateral digital extensor, ulnaris lateralis, abductor pollicis longus, supinator.

Action: Extend carpal and digital jts. Ulnaris lateralis flexes the carpal jts.

N.: median, ulnar

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16
Q

Caudomedial muscles of forearm

A

M.: flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor carpi radialis, supericial digital flexor, deep digital flexor, pronator.

Action: Flex carpal and digital jts.

N.: Median, ulnar

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17
Q

supraspinatus m.

A

Origin: supraspinous fossa of the scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: ext shoulder jt, act as lat collat lig
Location: cranial to s.o.s. overlaps cranial border of scapula and subscapularis m. crosses lat of shoulder jt.

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18
Q

Deltoideus m.

A

Origin: spine and acromion of scapula
Insertion: deltoid tuberosity
Action: flex shoulder jt.
Special: 2 parts the distal (acromial) part fuses w/ spinous part

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19
Q

Infraspinatus m.

A

Origin: infraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion: lat surface of greater tubercle of the humerus
Action: flex shoulder jt. act as lat collat lig
Special: bursa between tendon and greater tubercle of humerus

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20
Q

Subscapularis m.

A

Origin: subscapular fossa of scapula
Insertion: lesser tubercle of humerus
Action: act as med collat lig, adduct limb at shoulder jt

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21
Q

Teres major m.

A

Origin: proximal portion of caudal border of scapula
Insertion: teres major tuberosity of humerus via common tendon w/ latissimus dorsi m.
Action: flex the shoulder jt.

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22
Q

biceps brachii m.

A

Origin: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Insertion: medial aspect of proximal radius and ulna w/ tendon of brachialis m.
Action: flex elbow jt, ext shoulder jt.
Special: 1 head in domestics, tendon has a tendon sheath and is held by transverse humeral retinaculum

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23
Q

Brachialis m.

A

Origin: proximal part of lat humerus
Insertion: medial aspect of proximal radius and ulna w/ biceps brachii m.
Action: flex elbow jt.

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24
Q

Tensor fascia antebrachii m.

A

Origin: fascia on lat surface of latissimus dorsi
Insertion: olecranon
Action: ext elbow jt

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25
Q

Triceps brachii m.

A

Origins: long head- caudal border of scapula distal to teres major, lat head- tricipitall line, med head- crest of lesser tubercle, accessory head- neck of humerus
Insertion: tuber olecrani
Action: long head flexes shoulder jt, all heads extend elbow jt
Special: 4 heads in carnivores

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26
Q

cephalic vein

A

lies in superficial fascia on cranial surface of antebrachium

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27
Q

Extensor carpi radialis m.

A

Origin: lat epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: dorsal of proximal extremity of 2&3 metacarpal bones
Action: ext carpal jt

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28
Q

Common digital extensor m.

A

Origin: lat epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: ext processes of distal phalanges 2-5
Action: ext carpal and digital jts

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29
Q

lateral digital extensor m.

A

Origin: lat epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: extersor processes of distal phalanges of 3-5, minors of prox &/or mid phalanges 3-5
Action: ext carpal jts and digital jts 3-5

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30
Q

ulnaris lateralis m.

A

Origin: lat epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: proximal end of 5 metacarpal bone, accessory carpal bone
Action: flex carpal jts, abduct the manus at carpal jts

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31
Q

supinator m.

A

Origin: lat epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: cranial border of radius
Action: supinate antebrachium and manus

32
Q

abductor pollicis m.

A

Origin: mid 1/3 of lat border of ulna and adjacent interosseous membrane
Insertion: prox end of 1st metacarpal bone
Action: ext carpal jts, abduct 1st digit
Nother name: extensor carpi obliquus m.

33
Q

pronator teres

A

Origin: med epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: prox 1/3 med border of radius
Action: pronate antebrachium and manus

34
Q

Flexor carpi radialis m.

A

Origin: med epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: palmar or prox ends of 2&3 metacarpal bones
Action: flex carpal jts
Special: held by the flexor retinaculum over carpus

35
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris m.

A

Origin: med epicondyle of humerus, caudomedial surface of olecranon of ulna
Insertion: accessory carpal bone w/ tendon of ulnaris lateralis
Action: flex the carpal jts

36
Q

superficial digital flexor m. Of the forearm

A

Origin: med epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: palmar or proximal of mid phalanx of 2-5
Action: flex carpal jts, flex metacarpophalangeal jts, proximal interphalangeal jts or 2-5

37
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris m.

A

Origin: humeral- med epicondyle humerus, ulnar- caudomedial olecranon

Insertion: accessory carpal bn

Action: flex carpal jts

38
Q

deep digital flexor m.

A

Origin: humeral- med epicondyle humerus, radial- med border radius, ulnar- caudal border ulna

Insertion: flexor tubercle distal phalanx digits 1-5

Action: flex carpal jts and digits 1-5

39
Q

pronator quadratus m.

A

Origin: radius surface opposed to ulna

Insertion: ulna surface opposed to radius

Action: pronate manus

40
Q

Interosseus m.

A

Origin: palmar, base metacarpals 2-5

Insertion: Axial&abaxial base proximal phalanx digits 2-5

Action: Support metacarpophalangeal jt, flex metocarpophalangeal jts 2-5, prevent hyperextension

41
Q

Rump (Lat pelvis) mm.

A

mm.: superficial gluteal, middle gluteal, deep gluteal, piriformis, tensor fasciae latae

Actions: ext hip jt, rotate limb medially

nn.: cranial gluteal, caudal gluteal

42
Q

Caudal mm. of thigh

A

mm.: biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

Actions: ext hip jt, flex stifle jt (ext when WB), ext tarsal jts (except semimembranous)

nn.: sciatic

43
Q

Medial mm. of thigh

A

mm.: sartorius, pectineus, gracilis, adductor

Action: adduct limb, sartorius flex hip jt and variable on stifle

nn.: obturator, femoral for sartorius

44
Q

Cranial mm. of thigh

A

mm.: quadriceps femoris, iliopsoas

Action: ext stifle jt. (tensor fasciae lata & rectus femoris flex hip jt)

45
Q

Craniolateral mm. of crus

A

mm.: cranial tibial, long digitalextensor, peroneus longus, lateral digital extensor, peroneus brevis

Action: ext tarsal jts, flex digital jts

nn.: common peroneal

46
Q

Caudal mm. of the crus

A

mm.: gastrocnemius, superficial digital flexor, deep digital flexor, popliteus

Action: ext tarsal jts, flex digital jts

nn.: tibial

47
Q

Tensor fascia latae m.

A

Origin: tuber coxae

Insertion: fascia lata

Action: flex hip jt, ext stifle jt.

48
Q

Superficial gluteal m.

A

Origin: Sacrotuberous lig, cranial dorsal iliac spine

Insertion: 3rd trochanter femur

Action: Ext hip jt, abduct pelvic limb

49
Q

Middle gluteal m.

A

Origin: crest & gluteal surace ilium, piriformis head- sacrum

Insertion: greater trochanter femur

Action: ext hip jt, rotate limb medially, abduct pelvic limb

50
Q

Deep gluteal m.

A

Origin: body ilium, ischiatic spine

Insertion: greater trochanter femur

Action: ext hip jt, rotate limb medially

51
Q

External obturator m.

A

Origin: ventral ischium & pubis around obturator foramen

Insertion: trochanteric fossa

Action: rotate pelvic limb laterally, adduct pelvic limb

52
Q

Internal obturator m.

A

Origin: dorsal to ischium & pubis around obturator foramen

Insertion: trachanteric fossa

Action: rotate pelvic limb laterally

53
Q

gemelli m.

A

Origin: lateral ischium

Insertion: trochanteric ossa

Action: rotate pelvic limb laterally

54
Q

Quadratus femoris m.

A

Origin: ventral ischium

Insertion: intertrochanteric crest

Action: rotate pelvic limb laterally, ext hip jt.

55
Q

Caudal hip mm.

A

Origin: ventral & dorsal ischium & pubis around obturator foramen

Insertion: trochanteric fossa (intertrochanteric crest)

Action: rotate pelvic limb laterally, ext hip jt.

56
Q

Iliopsoas m.

A

Origin: psoas mj- ventral lumbar vert, iliacus- ilium

Insertion: lesser trochanter femur

Action: flex hip jt

57
Q

Quadriceps femoris m.

A

Origin: rectus femoris- ilium(tuberosity for RF), V. lateralis- prxml femur(lat lip), V. intermedius- prxml femur(lat aspect), V. medialis- prxml femur(med lip)
Insertion: tibial tuberosity
Action: Ext stifle jt, rectus femoris- flex hip jt.
Special: tendon contains the patella

58
Q

Sartorius m.

A

Origin: cranial- crest of ilium, caudal- cranioventral iliac spine

Insertion: cranial- patella, caudal- cranial berder tibia

Action: flex hip, cranial- ext stifle jt, caudal- flex stifle jt.

59
Q

Gracilis m.

A

Origin: pelvis symphysis via symphysial tdn

Insertion: cranial berder tibia, tuver calcanei

Action: adduct pelvic limb, ext hip & tarsal jts, flex stifle jt.

60
Q

Pectineus m.

A

Origin: iliopubic eminence, pubic tubercle

Insertion: distal, med lip femur, caudal rough surface femur

Action: adduct pelvic limb

61
Q

Adductor m.

A

Origin: pelvis symphysis via symphysial tdn, ventral ischium & pubis

Insertion: caudal femur lateral lip

Action: adduct pelvic limb, ext hip jt.

62
Q

Biceps femoris m.

A

Origin: sacrotuberous lig, ischiatic tuberosityu
Insertion: patella & patellar lig, cranial border tibia, tuber calcanei
Action: ext hip jt, ext or flex stifle jt, ext tarsal jts, abduct limb
Special: Deep to this muscle are the caudal crural abductor, sciatic nerve, & caudally popliteal lymph node

63
Q

Semitendinosus m.

A

Origin: ischiatic tuberosity

Insertion: distal cranial tibia, tuber calcanei

Action: ext hip jt, ext or flex stifle jt, ext tarsal jts.

64
Q

Semimembranosus m.

A

Origin: ischiatic tuberosity

Insertion: distal femur medial lip, proximal tibia medial tibial condyle

Action: ext hip jt, ext or flex stifle jt.

65
Q

Cranial tibial m.

A

Origin: extensor groove femur

Insertion: plantar base metatarsals 1,2

Action: flex tarsal jts

66
Q

Long digital extensor m.

A

Origin: extensor fossa femur

Insertion: extensor process distal phalanges 2-5

Action: flex tarsal jts, extend digital jts 2-5

67
Q

Fibularis (peroneus) longus m.

A

Origin: lat tibiall condyle & prxml fibula

Insertion: 4th tarsal bn, plantar base 5th metatarsal

Action: flex tarsal jts, rotate pex medially

68
Q

Lateral digital extensor m.

A

Origin: middle fibula

Insertion: 5th long digital extensor tendon

Action: Minor significance- flex tarsal & ext lateral digital jts

69
Q

Fibularis (peroneus) brevis m.

A

Origin: distal fibula

Insertion: metatarsal 5

Action: minor significance

70
Q

Gastrocnemius m.

A

Origin: distal caudal femur (med & lat supracondylar tuberosity)
Insertion: tuber calcanei
Action: ext tarsal jts, aid flexion stifle jt.
Special: sesamoid bones (fabella) embedded in tendons of origin

71
Q

Superficial digital flexor m.

A

Origin: lat supracondylar tuberosity femur

Insertion: tuber calcanei, base, mid phalanges 2-5

Action: Ext tarsal jts, flex metatarsophalangeal jts 2-5, flex prxml interphalangeal jts 2-5, minor flex stifle jt.

72
Q

Deep digital flexor m.

A

Origin: Lat- cd, prxml tibia & fibula, Med-cd, prxml tibia, Caudal tibial- vestigial

Insertion: flexor tubercle distal phalnages 1-5

Action: Ext tarsal jts, flex digits 2-5

73
Q

Popliteus m.

A

Origin: popliteal fossa femur
Insertion: caudomedial prxml tibia
Action: rotate crus medially, flex stifle jt
Special: sesamoid bone embedded where tendon and belly join to redirect path of muscle

74
Q

Interosseus m.

A

Origin: plantar, base metatarsals 2-5

Insertion: axial & abaxial base proximal phalanx, digits 2-5 via sesmoidean lig

Action: support metatarsophalangeal jt, flex metatarophalangeal jts 2-5, prevent hiperextension

75
Q

Lateral saphenous v.

A

on lateral aspect of crus

76
Q

Crural extensor retinaculum

A

Distal 1/3 of fibula to medial malleolus of tibia.
Thickened band of connective tissue.
Binds down tendons of cranial tibial and long digital extensor mm.

77
Q

Common calcanean tendon

A

Inserts of tuber calcanei.
Composed of tendons from gastrocnemius & superficial digital flexor mm. & crural fascia (including biceps femors, semitendinosus, & gracilis mm.)
Traumatic injury cause animal to walk w/ entire metatarsus on the ground (plantigrade).

Summer Dog Anatomy (10 decks)

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