vertebral column Flashcards
solid anterior part, shape like a cylinder-with flat posterior surface
body of vertebra/centrum
two flattened plates of bone, passing toward the midline from posterior
from each pedicle
two laminae or plates
thick rounded extension passing back
pedicles or root
opening behind the body, enclosed by the arch
vertebral foramen
formed by the curved upper and lower border of the pedicles
vertebral notches
are two bones one on each side extending laterally, junction of pedicle and lamina
transverse processes
project upward toward head
superior articular processes
project upward toward head
superior articular processes
project downward from the bases
inferior articular processes
project downward from the bases
inferior articular processes
back from the posterior border of vertebral arch, junction of two laminae
spinous process
this correspond an imaginary line
scotty dog
small somewhat oblong bodies with their spinous processes
cervical vertebrae
true oblique of the lumbar vertebrae it demonstrate the?
scotty dog
it is a composite bone formed from the fusion of five vertebrae
sacrum
made up of five fused bodies
body of sacrum
anatomical landmark for obstetricians
sacral promontory
passage that extends from top to bottom of the sacrum
sacral canal
are 16 openings, 8 in front and 8 posteriorly
sacral foramina
sacrum lateral to the foramina that corresponds to a fused transverse processes
lateral masses
winglike upper parts of the lateral masses, extend laterally from the 1st sacral segment
ala/ alae/wing
2 processes extend from the upper sacrum to form the joint with the fifth lumbar body
superior articular processes
two small projection, extend down from the lower sacrum
cornua/cornu
condyles of the occipital bone, superior surface of the lateral part of c1
atlanto occipital joint
between the anterior surface of the odontoid process of c2
and anterior arch of the atlas
atlanto epistropheal joint
lie between the bodies of adjacent vertebra that form cushion
intervertebral joints
two or more vertebral maybe united forming one bone
fusion of vertebrae
two or more vertebral maybe united forming one bone
fusion of vertebrae
R or L half of vertebrae maybe absent
hemi vertebrae
lack of union or malunion of laminae
spina bifida
L5, defect present between superior and inferior articular process
inter- articular defect
lower part of sacrum may fail to develop, the coccyx will also be absent
absence of sacrum
last lumbar vertebrae may be partly or completely fused with first
sacral segment
sacralization
2 or more vertebrae maybe united forming one bone with no joint
bamboo spine
covers the upper and lower surface of each vertebral body
articular cartilages
a pad between articular cartilages on the adjacent vertebrae
annulus fib
pulpy center of annulus fibrosus
nucleus polposus
intervertebral disc between the lateral margins of adjacent bodies
accessory cervical joint
