lowerlimbs_quiz primo Flashcards
the lower extremity/ lower limb is also called?
“Inferior or Distal Extremity”
expanded rounded end that articulate with the acetabulum to form
the “hip joint”
head of femur
constricted part connecting the head to the rest of the bone
neck of femur
large prominence on the outer(lateral) border of the upper
femur
greater trochanter
much smaller rounded process lies a lower level than greater trochanter
and extending in medially from the upper border of the shaft
lesser trochanter
ridge of bone passes obliquely across back of the
upper femur between two trochanters
intertrochanteric crest
becomes larger as it approaches the knee
shaft/body of femur
rounded knob-like process forming the medial half
of the lower end of femur
medial condyle
rounded prominence on the outer(lateral) half of the
lower end of femur
lateral condyle
deep notch between the medial and lateral condyle of femur
intercondyloid fossa/notch
surface of lower femur just above the medial condyle
medial epicondyle
surface of the lower femur above the lateral condyle
lateral epicondyle
smooth anterior surface on the front of the lower femur
above the intercondyloid fossa
patellar surface
is a sesamoid bone(cartilaginous tissue) within the tendon of the long muscle
patella/knee cap/pan
what are the two parts of patella?
Base~ broad upper border
Apex~ it’s lower pointed end
another sesamoid bone in lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle located on
POPLITEAL SURFACE of femur
fabella
it has two bones each extending from the knee to the ankle
LEG
what are the two bones of leg?
tibia
fibula
other term for tibia?
shin bone- lies on the inner(medial) side of fibula
small double pointed prominence that articulate the tibia about its midpoint
intercondyloid/ intercondylar eminence
anterior(front) surface of the upper tibia below the condyles
tibial tuberosity
it accommodates the medial border of the head of the fibula forming?
“proximal Tibio-fibular” joint
smooth pit on the outer or lateral condyle
of the tibia
articular facet
its in mid point portion but its flattened enlarged at its lower end
shaft/body/diaphysis (tibia)
-project down from the medial border of the distal end of the tibia.
-visible and palpable
medial malleolus (little hammer)
four-sided(quadrilateral) smooth surface of lower end of the tibia
-articulate with the trochlear surface of the talus
distal articular surface
it articulate with the adjacent lower fibula and helps to form the?
“distal tibio-fibular” joint
small depression on the lateral border of the tibia just above the ankle joint
fibular notch
long slender bone lying lateral to and parallel with the tibia
fibula/calf bone
this bone does not reach the knee joint but forms a small part of the ankle
fibula/ calf bone
it articulate with the articular facet of the tibia
“proximal tibio fibular” joint
lower expanded end of the fibula
lateral malleolus
it, along with the medial malleolus of the tibia foms
“ankle mortise”
it forms the heel of the foot and also expanded posterior posterior end
calcaneus/heel bone/os calcis
ps to form the ankle joint, bears the body weight and has a body, neck and trochlea
talus/astragalus
a boat shape bone lies between talus behind the 3 cuneiform in front
navicular/scaphoid
bones that lies side by side in front of the navicular bone and behind the
3 medial metatarsal
3 cuneiform bones
cube shape bone that lies on the outer border of the foot.
cuboid bone
other term for big toe
hallux
the 24 vertebrae remain separates bones during life and called?
true vertebrae
its a solid anterior part shape like cylinder with the flat posterior surface.
body of vertebra/ centrum
are thick rounded extensions passing back,
pedicles or root
two flattened plates of the bone passing toward the midline from the posterior end of each pedicle
two laminae or plates
opening behind the body, enclosed by the arch it form a canal for the spinal cord
vertebral foramen
a similar curved of the pedicle above or below complete-an opening called
intervertebral foramen
formed by the curved upper and lower border of the pedicles
vertebral notches
two bones one on each side extending-laterally from the junction of the pedicle lamina
transverse processes
project upwards towards the head from the bases of the transverse processes
superior articular processes
project downward from the bases of the transverse processes
inferior articular processes
extend posteriorly of the vertebral arch at the junction of the two laminae
spinous process
par for short located between the inferior and superior articular processes
-imaginary line that represent the neck of the “scotty dog” sign
pars intraarticularis
first two cervical vertebrae
atlas ad axis
has no body but has a ring of bone with hollow center and 2 lateral masses
c1 or atlas
has a process shaped like a large tooth projecting upward from its body called “odontoid process/
dens odontoid”
c2/axis/epistropheus
has a long spinous process which extends back beyond the spinous processes
seventh cervical/ vertebra prominens
referred to as t1 through t12
thoracic vertebrae (dorsal vertebrae)
