primo- rad ana Flashcards
the upper extremity is called?
UPPER LIMB
the shoulder has two bones forming
> scapula
clavicle
flat triangular bone lying against the upper, posterior chest wall
scapula/ shoulder blade
body of scapula which has three borders
> vertebral or medial border- lies close to vertebral column
axillary or lateral border- outer border lies behind close the armpit
upper or superior border- short upper border, depression called ‘scapular notch”
beak-like projection, continuous projecting forward from the neck-of the scapula
coracoid process
beak-like projection, continuous projecting forward from the neck-of the scapula
coracoid process
narrow ridge or crest of bone project back from the posterior surface of the body
spine of the scapula
oval depression on the outer surface of the head, cup shaped
glenoid cavity
thickened, slightly constricted part from the body
neck of scapula
slightly expanded part lateral to the neck
head of scapula
flat rounded bony prominence-continuous with the lateral end of the spine of the scapula
acromion
two angles of scapula
> medial or superior angle- inner end at its junction with the vertebral border
inferior angle- rounded lower end of the body of the scapula
it has double curve or depression called?
supra and clavicular fossa
long slender bone resembling somewhat an old fashion key
clavicle/ collar bone
inner or sternal end articulate with the sternum forming?
sterno-clavicular joint
outer acromial end articulate with the acromion
acromio clavicular joint
long cylindrical bone extending from the shoulder to the elbow joint
humerus/ arm/ brachium
rounded part, articulate with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form shoulder joint
head of humerus
obliquely directed part adjacent to the head
anatomical neck
lateral border just below the anatomical neck
greater tubercle/ tuberculum majus
small bony prominence front of the upper humerus just. below anatomical neck
lesser tubercle/ tuberculum minor
constricted part of the upper humerus below the tubercles
surgical neck
long rounded-part that becomes flattened from front to back as it approaches the elbow
shaft/body/diaphysis
anterior surface above the midpoint of the humerus into which the deltoid muscle
insert
deltoid tubercle/ deltoid tuberosity
distal end of the humerus that articulate with the semi-lunar notch of the ulna
trochlea/pulley
lower end of the humerus that lies on the outer or lateral side of the trochlea
capitulum/ capitellum
depression on the front of the humerus immediately above the trochlea
coronoid fossa
depression on the back or posterior of the humerus above the trochlea
olecranon fossa
knuckle-like rounded bony prominence on the medial border of the lower humerus
above the trochlea
medial epicondyle
bony prominence on the outer border of the lower humerus
lateral epicondyle
has two long bones, the radius and the ulna which extended from the elbow
to the wrist
forearm/antebrachium
upper expanded disc-like end that articulate with the capitulum of the humerus
head of radius
constricted part immediately below the head
neck (radius)
is a prominence below the neck on the antero-medial border
radial tuberosity
gradually larger as it approaches the wrist joint
shaft/body/diaphysis
outer or lateral border and distal end of radius
styloid process
depression on the inner border of the lower radius just above its lower end
ulnar notch
large and form the wrist joint along with the proximal carpal bones
lower articulate surface
8 carpal bones?
- scaphoid
- lunate
- triquetrum
- pisiform
- hamate
- capitate
- trapezoid
- trapezium
beak like projection from the anterior surface of the ulna below and in front of the olecranon
coronoid process
small half moon shape, concave hollow on the front of the upper ulna
semi-lunar notch/ trochlear notch
small hollow or concavity on the outer or lateral border of the semi lunar notch of the ulna
radial notch
rounded and becomes smaller as it approaches the wrist
shaft of the ulna
can be felt through the skin
head of ulna
very small bony prominence extending down from the posterior medial border of the head
styloid process (bone of ulna)
have eight carpal bones
wrist or carpus
have eight carpal bones
wrist or carpus
what are the 4 carpal bones in the proximal row (from thumb side)
> navicular/scaphoid
lunate or semi lunar
triangular or triquetrum
pisiform
boat shape, frequently fracture in injuries to the wrist because of its blood supply poor
navicular/ scaphoid
pea shaped bone, smallest among the proximal carpal bone
pisiform
pea shaped bone, smallest among the proximal carpal bone
pisiform
pea shaped bone, smallest among the proximal carpal bone
pisiform
hook like process arising its front or anterior surface the hamulus
hamate
moon shape boon
lunate
small pisiform anteriorly and is pyramid shape
triquetrum
how many metacarpal bones
five
how many phalanges
14
the tip of the distal phalanx is called?
tuft
articulation or arthrosis, between-cartilage or between bone and teeth
joint
freely movable joint
diarthrotic/diarthrosis/ synovial
partially, slightly movable joint
ampiarthoratic/ ampiarthrosis
types of fibrous joint>
> suture of the skull
syndesmoses
gomphosis
types of fibrous joint>
> suture of the skull
syndesmoses
gomphosis
types of synovial joint
ball and socket- hip and shoulder
condyloid joint- mandible or temporal
gliding- wrist, ankle, vertebrae
hinge- elbow, phalanges
pivot- atlas to axis, radius to ulna
saddle- carpals
one or both upper limbs maybe absent
abrachium
extra digits present from the norma five digits
supernumerary digit
there is an elevation and deformity of the scapula
sprengel’s deformity
there is a curvature of the shaft of the radius resulting in its distal articular surface lying obliquely
madelung’s deformity
