Vertebral Column Flashcards
How many vertebra are in the lumbar spine?
5
How many vertebra are in the thoracic spine?
12
How many vertebra are in the cervical spine?
7
What joints are C1 - occiput “atlantio-occipital”
Synovial condylar
What joints are C1-C2 - lateral masses “atlantio-axial”?
Synovial plantar
What joints are C1-C2 - peg “atlantio-axial”?
synovial pivot
What joints are for ribs?
Synovial plane
Atlas is c what?
C1
Axis is c what?
C2
Cervical Rib
A cervical rib is an extra rib that forms above the first rib, growing from the base of the neck just above the collarbone. You can have a cervical rib on the right, left, or on both sides. It may be a fully formed bony rib or just a thin strand of tissue fibres.
Torticollis
Torticollis is a problem involving the muscles of the neck that causes the head to tilt down.
Kyphosis
Kyphosis is defined as a curvature of the spine measuring 50 degrees or greater on an X-ray
Lordosis
Lordosis is the inward curve of the lumbar spine
Scoliosis
Scoliosis is when the vertebrae form a curved line instead of being straight
Spina Bifida
Spina bifida is when a baby’s spine and spinal cord does not develop properly in the womb, causing a gap in the spine.
Spina bifida is a type of neural tube defect. The neural tube is the structure that eventually develops into the baby’s brain and spinal cord.
Prolapse of an Intervertebral Disc
A prolapsed (herniated) disc occurs when the outer fibres of the intervertebral disc are injured, and the soft material known as the nucleus pulposus, ruptures out of its enclosed space.
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis is a so-called mechanical condition characterized by the gradual wearing down of cartilage in the joints.
What is Spondylosis?
Spondylosis describes the general degeneration of the spine that can occur in joints, discs, and bones of the spine as we age.
Spondylolysis
Spondylolysis is a stress fracture through the pars interarticularis of the lumbar vertebrae. The pars interarticularis is a thin bone segment joining two vertebrae. It is the most likely area to be affected by repetitive stress.
Spondylolisthesis
Spondylolisthesis is where one of the bones in your spine, known as a vertebra, slips out of position. It’s most common in the lower back
Ankylosis
ankylosis, in medicine, stiffness of a joint as the result of injury or disease. The rigidity may be complete or partial and may be due to inflammation of the tendinous or muscular structures outside the joint or of the tissues of the joint itself.
Ankylosing spondylitis
Ankylosing spondylitis is an inflammatory disease that, over time, can cause some of the bones in the spine (vertebrae) to fuse. This fusing makes the spine less flexible and can result in a hunched posture. If ribs are affected, it can be difficult to breathe deeply.
AP Lumbar Spine
100/115cm SID
T12 superiorly & Sacro-iliac joints (SIJs) inferiorly.
To include lateral borders of SIJs.
Lateral Lumbar Spine
lateral decubitus position
100/115 cm SID.
third lumbar spinous process of L3 and at the level of the lower costal margins
Upper border of T12 superiorly, to the ASISs inferiorly.