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Radiography Year 1 Introduction to Diagnostic Imaging Practice RAD4044 > Upper limb+ > Flashcards

Upper limb+ Flashcards

1
Q

What does “some lovers try positions that they cant handle” mean?

A 
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
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2
Q

What are the bones in the hands called

A

From finger to palm
Phalanges (14)
Metacarpals (5)
Carpal bones (8)

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3
Q

What does “shes looks too pretty

Try to catch her”

A 
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
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4
Q

What bone is by the thumb metacarpal

A

Trapezium

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5
Q

Lateral wrist →

A

Radial styloid process

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6
Q

Lateral elbow →

A

lateral epicondyle

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7
Q

Lateral humerus →

A

In the mid-line, midway between the shoulder and elbow

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8
Q

DP Hand →

A

head of 3rd metacarpal

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9
Q

Lateral thumb →

A

1st metacarpo-phalangeal joint

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10
Q

Lateral little finger →

A

5th proximal interphalangeal joint

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11
Q

AP both hands →

A

midway between the 5th metacarpo-phalangeal joints

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12
Q

DP wrist →

A

midway between the radial and ulnar styloid processes

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13
Q

AP Forearm →

A

In the mid-line, midway between the wrist and elbow

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14
Q

AP elbow →

A

2.5cm below the midpoint of the epicondyles

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15
Q

Sam likes to push the toy car hard

A 
Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate
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16
Q

POSTERO-ANTERIOR (Dorsi-Palmar) FINGERS.
Any jewellery or clothing be moved out the way
Gross position
The patient seated next to the table with legs not under the table with the affected side next to the table.

Fine position
The arm is abducted and the elbow is flexed 90 degrees so that
Palmer side of the fingers in contact with the image receptor
The fingers are separated slightly and are extended flat on the IR, to ensure that the adjacent finger included doesn’t superimpose each other
and that they are equidistant to the IR

Centring and x-ray beam
Vertical beam centred over the metacarpo-phalangeal joint of the affected finger

Collimation
Include the soft-tissue borders of the fingers and the carpometacarpal joint of the affected finger

SID
100/115cm

Next step
Do a lateral projection

A

POSTERO-ANTERIOR (Dorsi-Palmar) FINGERS.
Any jewellery or clothing be moved out the way
Gross position
The patient seated next to the table with legs not under the table with the affected side next to the table.

Fine position
The arm is abducted and the elbow is flexed 90 degrees so that
Palmer side of the fingers in contact with the image receptor
The fingers are separated slightly and are extended flat on the IR, to ensure that the adjacent finger included doesn’t superimpose each other
and that they are equidistant to the IR

Centring and x-ray beam
Vertical beam centred over the metacarpo-phalangeal joint of the affected finger

Collimation
Include the soft-tissue borders of the fingers and the carpometacarpal joint of the affected finger

SID
100/115cm

Next step
Do a lateral projection

17
Q

LATERAL RING & LITTLE FINGERS.
Any jewellery or clothing be moved out the way
Gross position
The patient seated next to the table with legs not under the table with the affected side next to the table.

Fine position
The arm is extended over the image receptor
The palm of the hand is at a right angle to the table, in order for the medial end of the little finger is in contact with the IR.
Index and middle finger are curled towards the palm to prevent them from superimposing the 2 other fingers. Ring and little fingers are extended and separated.

Centring and x-ray beam
Vertical beam centred over the proximal interphalangeal joint of the affected finger

Collimation
Include the soft-tissue borders of the fingers and the distal third of the metacarpal bone

SID
100cm

Next step

A

LATERAL RING & LITTLE FINGERS.
Any jewellery or clothing be moved out the way
Gross position
The patient seated next to the table with legs not under the table with the affected side next to the table.

Fine position
The arm is extended over the image receptor
The palm of the hand is at a right angle to the table, in order for the medial end of the little finger is in contact with the IR.
Index and middle finger are curled towards the palm to prevent them from superimposing the 2 other fingers. Ring and little fingers are extended and separated.

Centring and x-ray beam
Vertical beam centred over the proximal interphalangeal joint of the affected finger

Collimation
Include the soft-tissue borders of the fingers and the distal third of the metacarpal bone

SID
100cm

Next step

18
Q

LATERAL INDEX & MIDDLE FINGERS.
Any jewellery or clothing be moved out the way
Gross position
The patient seated next to the table with legs not under the table with the affected side next to the table.

Fine position
The arm is extended over the image receptor and the forearm is supported.
The palm of the hand is at a right angle to the table, in order for the medial end of the index finger to be in contact with the IR
Little and ring fingers are curled towards the palm to prevent them from superimposing the 2 other fingers.
The index and middle fingers are extended and the middle finger is flexed slightly so its not superposing the index finger. The middle finger may be supported with a flat pad if needed.

Centring and x-ray beam
Vertical beam centred over the proximal interphalangeal joint of the affected finger

Collimation
Include the soft-tissue borders of the fingers and the distal third of the metacarpal bone

SID
100cm

Next step

A

LATERAL INDEX & MIDDLE FINGERS.
Any jewellery or clothing be moved out the way
Gross position
The patient seated next to the table with legs not under the table with the affected side next to the table.

Fine position
The arm is extended over the image receptor and the forearm is supported.
The palm of the hand is at a right angle to the table, in order for the medial end of the index finger to be in contact with the IR
Little and ring fingers are curled towards the palm to prevent them from superimposing the 2 other fingers.
The index and middle fingers are extended and the middle finger is flexed slightly so its not superposing the index finger. The middle finger may be supported with a flat pad if needed.

Centring and x-ray beam
Vertical beam centred over the proximal interphalangeal joint of the affected finger

Collimation
Include the soft-tissue borders of the fingers and the distal third of the metacarpal bone

SID
100cm

Next step

19
Q

ANTERO-POSTERIOR THUMB.
Any jewellery or clothing be moved out the way
Gross position
The patient seated facing away to the table (meaning legs not under the table) with the affected side extended backwards onto the table.

Fine position
Posterior aspect of thumb in contact with IR
Fingers are moved out the way of the thumb (the hand may be slightly rotated in order to achieve this but the thumb must remain parallel to IR)

Centring and x-ray beam
Vertical beam centred over the 1st meta-carpophalangeal joint

Collimation
Include the soft-tissue borders of the thumb and distal third metacarpal bone.

SID
100cm

Next step
Do a lateral, if patient is unable to do this projection do PA thumb and then attempt the lateral

A

ANTERO-POSTERIOR THUMB.
Any jewellery or clothing be moved out the way
Gross position
The patient seated facing away to the table (meaning legs not under the table) with the affected side extended backwards onto the table.

Fine position
Posterior aspect of thumb in contact with IR
Fingers are moved out the way of the thumb (the hand may be slightly rotated in order to achieve this but the thumb must remain parallel to IR)

Centring and x-ray beam
Vertical beam centred over the 1st meta-carpophalangeal joint

Collimation
Include the soft-tissue borders of the thumb and distal third metacarpal bone.

SID
100cm

Next step
Do a lateral, if patient is unable to do this projection do PA thumb and then attempt the lateral

20
Q

POSTERO-ANTERIOR THUMB.
(used instead of AP if patient can’t get into AP position)
Any jewellery or clothing be moved out the way

Gross position
The patient seated next to the table with legs not under the table with the affected side next to the table.

Fine position
Arm extended over the table, and hand is by IR
Medial aspect of hand in contact with IR and thumb is extended and in parallel with IR.
Patient may have a pad in hand to help ensure this and that the other fingers are away from the thumb.

Centring and x-ray beam
Vertical beam centred over the 1st meta-carpophalangeal joint

Collimation
Include the soft-tissue borders of the thumb and distal third metacarpal bone

SID
100cm

Next step
Do a lateral projection

A

POSTERO-ANTERIOR THUMB.
(used instead of AP if patient can’t get into AP position)
Any jewellery or clothing be moved out the way

Gross position
The patient seated next to the table with legs not under the table with the affected side next to the table.

Fine position
Arm extended over the table, and hand is by IR
Medial aspect of hand in contact with IR and thumb is extended and in parallel with IR.
Patient may have a pad in hand to help ensure this and that the other fingers are away from the thumb.

Centring and x-ray beam
Vertical beam centred over the 1st meta-carpophalangeal joint

Collimation
Include the soft-tissue borders of the thumb and distal third metacarpal bone

SID
100cm

Next step
Do a lateral projection

21
Q

LATERAL THUMB
Any jewellery or clothing be moved out the way
Gross position
The patient seated next to the table with legs not under the table with the affected side next to the table.
Fine position
Arm is abducted and elbow flexed
The lateral aspect of the thumb is in contact with IR,
in order to do this the hand is raised slightly (fingers are flexed slightly to do this and a pad is placed under the hand)

Centring and x-ray beam
Vertical beam centred over the 1st meta-carpophalangeal joint

Collimation
Include the soft-tissue borders of the thumb and distal third metacarpal bone

SID
100cm

A

LATERAL THUMB
Any jewellery or clothing be moved out the way
Gross position
The patient seated next to the table with legs not under the table with the affected side next to the table.
Fine position
Arm is abducted and elbow flexed
The lateral aspect of the thumb is in contact with IR,
in order to do this the hand is raised slightly (fingers are flexed slightly to do this and a pad is placed under the hand)

Centring and x-ray beam
Vertical beam centred over the 1st meta-carpophalangeal joint

Collimation
Include the soft-tissue borders of the thumb and distal third metacarpal bone

SID
100cm

22
Q

Dorsi-palmar Hand
Any jewellery or clothing be moved out the way
Gross position
The patient seated next to the table with legs not under the table with the affected side next to the table.

Fine position
Arm is abducted and flexed 90 degrees at elbow, forearm pronated. Palmer aspect on the IR is completely flat.
Fingers extended and spread slightly
The radial and ulnar styloid processes are made to be equidistant from the IR

Centring and x-ray beam
VCB over the 3 metacarpal

Collimation
Include the soft-tissue borders of all the hand/fingers and include the distal end of the radius and ulna.

SID
100cm

Next step
Do an oblique

A

Dorsi-palmar Hand
Any jewellery or clothing be moved out the way
Gross position
The patient seated next to the table with legs not under the table with the affected side next to the table.

Fine position
Arm is abducted and flexed 90 degrees at elbow, forearm pronated. Palmer aspect on the IR is completely flat.
Fingers extended and spread slightly
The radial and ulnar styloid processes are made to be equidistant from the IR

Centring and x-ray beam
VCB over the 3 metacarpal

Collimation
Include the soft-tissue borders of all the hand/fingers and include the distal end of the radius and ulna.

SID
100cm

Next step
Do an oblique

23
Q

Anterior Oblique of the Hand (DP Oblique Hand)
Any jewellery or clothing be moved out the way
Gross position
The patient seated next to the table with legs not under the table with the affected side next to the table.

Fine position
Arm is abducted and flexed 90 degrees at elbow, forearm pronated. Palmer aspect on the IR is completely flat.
The hand is externally rotated so the palmer aspect is about 45 degrees angle to the IR. A pad is used to keep the patients hand in this postion.
The fingers are separated and extended to prevent them from superimposing each other.

Centring and x-ray beam
First you centre over the 5th metacarpal head and then angle the beam to the 3rd metacarpal head.

Collimation
Include the soft-tissue borders of all the hand/fingers and include the distal end of the radius and ulna.

SID
100cm

Next step

A

Anterior Oblique of the Hand (DP Oblique Hand)
Any jewellery or clothing be moved out the way
Gross position
The patient seated next to the table with legs not under the table with the affected side next to the table.

Fine position
Arm is abducted and flexed 90 degrees at elbow, forearm pronated. Palmer aspect on the IR is completely flat.
The hand is externally rotated so the palmer aspect is about 45 degrees angle to the IR. A pad is used to keep the patients hand in this postion.
The fingers are separated and extended to prevent them from superimposing each other.

Centring and x-ray beam
First you centre over the 5th metacarpal head and then angle the beam to the 3rd metacarpal head.

Collimation
Include the soft-tissue borders of all the hand/fingers and include the distal end of the radius and ulna.

SID
100cm

Next step

24
Q

LATERAL HAND PROJECTION.
Any jewellery or clothing be moved out the way
Gross position
The patient seated next to the table with legs not under the table with the affected side next to the table.

Fine position
Arm is abducted and flexed 90 degrees at elbow, forearm pronated.
The hand is rotated so that the medial side of the hand is in contact with the IR.
The metacarpals will be superimposed however the thumb is slightly abducted away from the rest of the fingers so it isn’t superimposed.

Centring and x-ray beam
Vertical ray beam over the head of the second metacarpal

Collimation
Include the soft-tissue borders of all the hand/fingers and include the distal end of the radius and ulna.

SID
100cm

Next step

A

LATERAL HAND PROJECTION.
Any jewellery or clothing be moved out the way
Gross position
The patient seated next to the table with legs not under the table with the affected side next to the table.

Fine position
Arm is abducted and flexed 90 degrees at elbow, forearm pronated.
The hand is rotated so that the medial side of the hand is in contact with the IR.
The metacarpals will be superimposed however the thumb is slightly abducted away from the rest of the fingers so it isn’t superimposed.

Centring and x-ray beam
Vertical ray beam over the head of the second metacarpal

Collimation
Include the soft-tissue borders of all the hand/fingers and include the distal end of the radius and ulna.

SID
100cm

Next step

Radiography Year 1 Introduction to Diagnostic Imaging Practice RAD4044 (26 decks)

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