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Cardio Block Clin Med 1 > Ventricular Dysrhythmias > Flashcards

Ventricular Dysrhythmias Flashcards

1
Q

Ventricular escape beat

A

Due to temporary cessation of heartbeat, like in sinus arrest, or when the rate of the underlying rhythm falls to less than the rate of the ventricles. The higher pacemaker fails to initiate heartbeat, so a lower one kicks in

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2
Q

Ventricular escape beat rhythm

A

irregular because of the pause

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3
Q

Ventricular escape beat P wave

A

hidden in QRS

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4
Q

Ventricular escape beat PR

A

absent

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5
Q

Ventricular escape beat QRS

A

wide and bizarre looking, inverted

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6
Q

Ventricular escape beat ST

A

depressed or elevated. Not normal

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7
Q

Ventricular escape beat T wave

A

opposite of R wave

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8
Q

Ventricular escape beat QT

A

not measured

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9
Q

Ventricular escape beat effects

A

hypotension, syncope

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10
Q

Ventricular escape beat treatment

A

treat the underlying condition, maintain an airway. If symptomatic, may give atropine or can use transcutaneous pacing.

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11
Q

Ventricular escape beat contraindications

A

DO not give lidocaine or amiodarone.

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12
Q

Idioventricular rhythm

A

person is about to go into cardiac arrest, will see one beat every 5-6 seconds

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13
Q

Idioventricular rhythm rate

A

20-40 bpm

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14
Q

Idioventricular rhythm rhythm

A

regular

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15
Q

Idioventricular rhythm P wave

A

hidden in QRS

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16
Q

Idioventricular rhythm PR

A

absent

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17
Q

Idioventricular rhythm QRS

A

wide, inverted

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18
Q

Idioventricular rhythm ST

A

Depressed, or elevated

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19
Q

Idioventricular rhythm T wave

A

opposite Q

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20
Q

Idioventricular rhythm QT

A

prolonged

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21
Q

Idioventricular rhythm causes

A

MO, Digoxin toxicity, etc.

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22
Q

Idioventricular rhythm treatment

A

support airway, deliver O2, monitor, atropine or transcutenaous pacing. If no pulse, treat like a PEA.

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23
Q

Idioventricular rhythm contraindications

A

Do not give lidocaine or amiodarone

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24
Q

Accelerated idioventricular rhythm

A

it is a rhythm that exceeds the inherent rate of the ventricles, like 40-100bpm, may appear that nothing is wrong.

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25
Q

Accelerated idioventricular rate and rhythm

A

40-100 bpm and regular

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26
Q

Accelerated idioventricular P wave

A

hidden in QRS

27
Q

Accelerated idioventricular PR interval

A

absent

28
Q

Accelerated idioventricular QRS

A

wide

29
Q

Accelerated idioventricular ST segment

A

depressed, or elevated

30
Q

Accelerated idioventricular T wave

A

opposite R

31
Q

Accelerated idioventricular QT interval

A

prolonged

32
Q

Accelerated idioventricular causes

A

same causes as idioventricular rhythm (MI, digoxin toxicity, drugs) but it is often seen after administering thrombolytic medications (so it is a reperfusion dysrhythmia). Commonly seen following an MI.

33
Q

Accelerated idioventricular treatment

A

if symptomatic (decreased CO, sustained) may give atropine. If it is sustained may install a permanent pacemaker. No pulse, treat it as a PEA

34
Q

Accelerated idioventricular contraindications

A

Do not give lidocaine or amiodarone

35
Q

Ventricular tachycardia

A

a fast dysrhythmia that arises from the ventricles.

36
Q

Ventricular tachycardia rate and rhythm

A

100-250 bpm, regular

37
Q

Ventricular tachycardia P waves

A

hidden in QRS

38
Q

Ventricular tachycardia PR

A

absent

39
Q

Ventricular tachycardia QRS

A

wide and bizzare

40
Q

Ventricular tachycardia ST

A

depressed or elevated

41
Q

Ventricular tachycardia T

A

opposite of R

42
Q

Ventricular tachycardia QT

A

prolonged

43
Q

Ventricular tachycardia causes

A

it is increased Myocardial irritability that is causes by enhances automaticity (from MI or ischemia), Re-entry loops from the purkinje system, or from PVC’s that are R on T. Stimulant drugs, Digoxin, hypokalemia and acid-base imbalance may also cause.

44
Q

Ventricular tachycardia effects

A

always significant. compromised CO and decreased coronary and cerebral perfusion.

45
Q

Ventricular tachycardia treatment

A

Maintain airway, give O2, place IV line. If stable can treat with amiodarone, procanamide or stall. If unstable, do cardioversion. If pulseless, treat as though it is V-Fib.

46
Q

Torsades

A

Long QT syndrome. Caused by QT prolongation medications and/or electrolyte imbalances. Can be caused by amiodarone, quinidine, procainamide). Will see a twisted ribbon-like Vtach on ECG.

47
Q

Torsades effects

A

Pallor, Diaphoresis, Syncope, loss of consciousness.

48
Q

Torsades treatment

A

manage like it is VFib with an initial unsynchronized shock. If the pt is stable and did not have prolonged QT on previous ECG strip, may give amiodarone. If pt is stable and did have prolonged QT on previous strip, give magnesium sulfate.

49
Q

Ventricular fibrillation

A

result of chaotic firing of multiple sites in the ventricles. Causes the heart muscle to quiver, rather than contract, giving no effective CO.

50
Q

Ventricular fibrillation rate and rhythm

A

both irregular

51
Q

Ventricular fibrillation cause

A

MI, trauma, acid base imbalance, CAD, untreated vtach, R on T phenomena, drugs like epi, cocaine.

52
Q

Ventricular fibrillation effects

A

will lead to death if left untreated.

53
Q

Ventricular fibrillation treatment

A

follow ACLS guidelines–> CPR, defib, epinephrine or vasopressin and amiodarone or lidocaine.

54
Q

Asystole

A

absence of any cardiac activity, flatline

55
Q

Ventricular standstill

A

see p waves only. When the atria continue to beat but the ventricles do not.

56
Q

Pulseless electrical activity, PEA

A

organized ECG rhythm, but patient is pulseless and apneic.

57
Q

Ventricular Escape Beat ECG

A
58
Q

Idioventricular rhythm ECG

A
59
Q

Accellerated iidioventricular rhythm ECG

A
60
Q

Ventricular Tachycardia ECG

A
61
Q

Torsades ECG

A
62
Q

Ventricular fibrillation ECG

A
63
Q

Ventricular standstill ECG

A

Cardio Block Clin Med 1 (8 decks)

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