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Cardio Block Clin Med 1 > Ventricular Dysrhythmias > Flashcards

Ventricular Dysrhythmias Flashcards

1
Q

Ventricular escape beat

A

Due to temporary cessation of heartbeat, like in sinus arrest, or when the rate of the underlying rhythm falls to less than the rate of the ventricles. The higher pacemaker fails to initiate heartbeat, so a lower one kicks in

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2
Q

Ventricular escape beat rhythm

A

irregular because of the pause

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3
Q

Ventricular escape beat P wave

A

hidden in QRS

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4
Q

Ventricular escape beat PR

A

absent

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5
Q

Ventricular escape beat QRS

A

wide and bizarre looking, inverted

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6
Q

Ventricular escape beat ST

A

depressed or elevated. Not normal

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7
Q

Ventricular escape beat T wave

A

opposite of R wave

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8
Q

Ventricular escape beat QT

A

not measured

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9
Q

Ventricular escape beat effects

A

hypotension, syncope

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10
Q

Ventricular escape beat treatment

A

treat the underlying condition, maintain an airway. If symptomatic, may give atropine or can use transcutaneous pacing.

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11
Q

Ventricular escape beat contraindications

A

DO not give lidocaine or amiodarone.

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12
Q

Idioventricular rhythm

A

person is about to go into cardiac arrest, will see one beat every 5-6 seconds

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13
Q

Idioventricular rhythm rate

A

20-40 bpm

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14
Q

Idioventricular rhythm rhythm

A

regular

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15
Q

Idioventricular rhythm P wave

A

hidden in QRS

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16
Q

Idioventricular rhythm PR

A

absent

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17
Q

Idioventricular rhythm QRS

A

wide, inverted

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18
Q

Idioventricular rhythm ST

A

Depressed, or elevated

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19
Q

Idioventricular rhythm T wave

A

opposite Q

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20
Q

Idioventricular rhythm QT

A

prolonged

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21
Q

Idioventricular rhythm causes

A

MO, Digoxin toxicity, etc.

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22
Q

Idioventricular rhythm treatment

A

support airway, deliver O2, monitor, atropine or transcutenaous pacing. If no pulse, treat like a PEA.

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23
Q

Idioventricular rhythm contraindications

A

Do not give lidocaine or amiodarone

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24
Q

Accelerated idioventricular rhythm

A

it is a rhythm that exceeds the inherent rate of the ventricles, like 40-100bpm, may appear that nothing is wrong.

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25
Accelerated idioventricular rate and rhythm
40-100 bpm and regular
26
Accelerated idioventricular P wave
hidden in QRS
27
Accelerated idioventricular PR interval
absent
28
Accelerated idioventricular QRS
wide
29
Accelerated idioventricular ST segment
depressed, or elevated
30
Accelerated idioventricular T wave
opposite R
31
Accelerated idioventricular QT interval
prolonged
32
Accelerated idioventricular causes
same causes as idioventricular rhythm (MI, digoxin toxicity, drugs) but it is often seen after administering thrombolytic medications (so it is a reperfusion dysrhythmia). Commonly seen following an MI.
33
Accelerated idioventricular treatment
if symptomatic (decreased CO, sustained) may give atropine. If it is sustained may install a permanent pacemaker. No pulse, treat it as a PEA
34
Accelerated idioventricular contraindications
Do not give lidocaine or amiodarone
35
Ventricular tachycardia
a fast dysrhythmia that arises from the ventricles.
36
Ventricular tachycardia rate and rhythm
100-250 bpm, regular
37
Ventricular tachycardia P waves
hidden in QRS
38
Ventricular tachycardia PR
absent
39
Ventricular tachycardia QRS
wide and bizzare
40
Ventricular tachycardia ST
depressed or elevated
41
Ventricular tachycardia T
opposite of R
42
Ventricular tachycardia QT
prolonged
43
Ventricular tachycardia causes
it is increased Myocardial irritability that is causes by enhances automaticity (from MI or ischemia), Re-entry loops from the purkinje system, or from PVC's that are R on T. Stimulant drugs, Digoxin, hypokalemia and acid-base imbalance may also cause.
44
Ventricular tachycardia effects
always significant. compromised CO and decreased coronary and cerebral perfusion.
45
Ventricular tachycardia treatment
Maintain airway, give O2, place IV line. If stable can treat with amiodarone, procanamide or stall. If unstable, do cardioversion. If pulseless, treat as though it is V-Fib.
46
Torsades
Long QT syndrome. Caused by QT prolongation medications and/or electrolyte imbalances. Can be caused by amiodarone, quinidine, procainamide). Will see a twisted ribbon-like Vtach on ECG.
47
Torsades effects
Pallor, Diaphoresis, Syncope, loss of consciousness.
48
Torsades treatment
manage like it is VFib with an initial unsynchronized shock. If the pt is stable and did not have prolonged QT on previous ECG strip, may give amiodarone. If pt is stable and did have prolonged QT on previous strip, give magnesium sulfate.
49
Ventricular fibrillation
result of chaotic firing of multiple sites in the ventricles. Causes the heart muscle to quiver, rather than contract, giving no effective CO.
50
Ventricular fibrillation rate and rhythm
both irregular
51
Ventricular fibrillation cause
MI, trauma, acid base imbalance, CAD, untreated vtach, R on T phenomena, drugs like epi, cocaine.
52
Ventricular fibrillation effects
will lead to death if left untreated.
53
Ventricular fibrillation treatment
follow ACLS guidelines--\> CPR, defib, epinephrine or vasopressin and amiodarone or lidocaine.
54
Asystole
absence of any cardiac activity, flatline
55
Ventricular standstill
see p waves only. When the atria continue to beat but the ventricles do not.
56
Pulseless electrical activity, PEA
organized ECG rhythm, but patient is pulseless and apneic.
57
Ventricular Escape Beat ECG
58
Idioventricular rhythm ECG
59
Accellerated iidioventricular rhythm ECG
60
Ventricular Tachycardia ECG
61
Torsades ECG
62
Ventricular fibrillation ECG
63
Ventricular standstill ECG

Cardio Block Clin Med 1 (8 decks)

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