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Cardio Block Clin Med 1 > Sinus Rhythms and extrasystole beats > Flashcards

Sinus Rhythms and extrasystole beats Flashcards

1
Q

Sinus tachycardia Rate

A

> 100bpm but

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2
Q

Sinus tachycardia Rate

A

> 100bpm but

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3
Q

Sinus tachycardia rhythm

A

normal, but variable RR interval

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4
Q

sinus tachycardia P wave

A

visible before each QRS

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5
Q

Sinus tachycardia PR interval

A

normal

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6
Q

Sinus tachycardia QRS complex

A

normal

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7
Q

Sinus tachycardia causes

A

Anxiety, exertion, pain, drugs, fever, hypoxia, CHF, PE, MI, hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma, blood loss/anemia/shock, thyrotoxicosis, ETOH, abnormal electrolytes, dehydration, pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade

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8
Q

Sinus bradycardia rate

A
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9
Q

Sinus bradycardia rhythm

A

regular

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10
Q

Sinus bradycardia P wave

A

visible before each QRS

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11
Q

Sinus bradycardia PR interval

A

normal

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12
Q

Sinus bradycardia QRS complex

A

normal

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13
Q

Sinus bradycardia causes

A

drug induced, sinus arrhythmias, SA node block, Sick Sinus, AV block; 2o: electrolyte disturbances, ischemia, vasovagal, intracranial causes, poisoning, hypothyroid, obstructive jaundice, starvation, OSA, infections, carotid sinus hypersensitivity syndrome

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14
Q

Sinus arrhythmia rate

A

beat to beat variation

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15
Q

sinus arrhythmia rhythm

A

normal to slightly irregular

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16
Q

Sinus arrhythmia P wave

A

normal

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17
Q

Sinus arrhythmia PR interval

A

normal

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18
Q

Sinus Arrhythmia QRS complex

A

normal

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19
Q

Sinus arrhythmia causes

A

respiration

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20
Q

Sinus pause/arrest rate

A

normal, until the pause

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21
Q

sinus pause/arrest rhythm

A

normal, until the pause

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22
Q

sinus pause/arrest P wave

A

visible before each QRS

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23
Q

sinus pause/arrest PR interval

A

normal, until the pause

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24
Q

sinus pause/arrest QRS

A

normal, when present

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25
Q

Sinus pause/arrest causes

A

chest pain, SOB, decreased level of consciousness, hypotension and shock, pulmonary congestion, CHF, acute MI, hyperkalemia, valag hyperactivity, medications

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26
Q

Hyperkalemia characteristics

A

peaked T waves and short P waves

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27
Q

PAC rate

A

can be normal until extrasystole

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28
Q

PAC rhythm

A

irregular

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29
Q

PAC P wave

A

premature, present and included in extrasystole (different look)

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30
Q

PAC PR interval

A

normal to longer

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31
Q

PAC QRS

A

normal to narrow

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32
Q

PAC causes

A

Associated with RBBB, usually idiopathic and benign, catecholamine excess, hypoxia, myocardial ischemia, CHF, acid-base disturbance, electrolyte abnormality

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33
Q

PJC rate

A

can be normal

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34
Q

PJC rhythm

A

regular with extrasystole, no compensatory pause

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35
Q

PJC P wave

A

absent or inverted in extrasystole

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36
Q

PJC PR interval

A

absent or short

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37
Q

PJC QRS

A

if from high nodal source (atria)

38
Q

Sinus tachycardia rhythm

A

normal, but variable RR interval

39
Q

sinus tachycardia P wave

A

visible before each QRS

40
Q

Sinus tachycardia PR interval

41
Q

Sinus tachycardia QRS complex

42
Q

Sinus tachycardia causes

A

Anxiety, exertion, pain, drugs, fever, hypoxia, CHF, PE, MI, hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma, blood loss/anemia/shock, thyrotoxicosis, ETOH, abnormal electrolytes, dehydration, pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade

43
Q

Sinus bradycardia rate

44
Q

Sinus bradycardia rhythm

45
Q

Sinus bradycardia P wave

A

visible before each QRS

46
Q

Sinus bradycardia PR interval

47
Q

Sinus bradycardia QRS complex

48
Q

Sinus bradycardia causes

A

drug induced, sinus arrhythmias, SA node block, Sick Sinus, AV block; 2o: electrolyte disturbances, ischemia, vasovagal, intracranial causes, poisoning, hypothyroid, obstructive jaundice, starvation, OSA, infections, carotid sinus hypersensitivity syndrome

49
Q

Sinus arrhythmia rate

A

beat to beat variation

50
Q

sinus arrhythmia rhythm

A

normal to slightly irregular

51
Q

Sinus arrhythmia P wave

52
Q

Sinus arrhythmia PR interval

53
Q

Sinus Arrhythmia QRS complex

54
Q

Sinus arrhythmia causes

A

respiration

55
Q

Sinus pause/arrest rate

A

normal, until the pause

56
Q

sinus pause/arrest rhythm

A

normal, until the pause

57
Q

sinus pause/arrest P wave

A

visible before each QRS

58
Q

sinus pause/arrest PR interval

A

normal, until the pause

59
Q

sinus pause/arrest QRS

A

normal, when present

60
Q

Sinus pause/arrest causes

A

chest pain, SOB, decreased level of consciousness, hypotension and shock, pulmonary congestion, CHF, acute MI, hyperkalemia, valag hyperactivity, medications

61
Q

Hyperkalemia characteristics

A

peaked T waves and short P waves

62
Q

PAC rate

A

can be normal until extrasystole

63
Q

PAC rhythm

64
Q

PAC P wave

A

premature, present and included in extrasystole (different look)

65
Q

PAC PR interval

A

normal to longer

66
Q

PAC QRS

A

normal to narrow

67
Q

PAC causes

A

Associated with RBBB, usually idiopathic and benign, catecholamine excess, hypoxia, myocardial ischemia, CHF, acid-base disturbance, electrolyte abnormality

68
Q

PJC rate

A

can be normal

69
Q

PJC rhythm

A

regular with extrasystole, no compensatory pause

70
Q

PJC P wave

A

absent or inverted in extrasystole

71
Q

PJC PR interval

A

absent or short

72
Q

PJC QRS

A

if from high nodal source (atria) will be Narrow QRS. If from lower nodal source (ventricle) will be wide QRS.

73
Q

PJC causes

A

usually idiopathic and benign, catecholamine excess, hypoxia, myocardial ischemia, CHF, acid-base disturbance, electrolyte abnormality

74
Q

PVC rate

A

can be normal

75
Q

PVC rhythm

A

irregular, with a full compensatory pause

76
Q

PVC P wave

A

absent in extrasystole

77
Q

PVC PR interval

A

not measurable

78
Q

PVC QRS

A

Unusual and wide with bizarre axis

79
Q

PVC T wave

A

large and opposite of QRS

80
Q

PVC causes

A

Associated with LBBB. Ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, valvular heart disease, Mitral Valve Prolapse, Stimulants (caffeine, cocaine, alcohol, ephedrine/pseudoephedrine, electrolyte abnormalities, medications (digoxin, theophylline, tricyclics)

81
Q

3 PVC’s in a row with fast rhythm

82
Q

Sinus tachycardia

83
Q

sinus bradycardia

84
Q

Sinus Pauses/ Arrest

85
Q

Hyperkalemia

86
Q

Prematiure Atrial Contraction

87
Q

Premature Junctional Contraction

88
Q

Premature Ventricular Contraction

89
Q

PVCs that look different from each other

A

Multifocal PVC’s

90
Q

PVCs that look the same as each other

91
Q

Interpolated PVC

A

falls in between two regular complexes and does not disrupt the normal cardiac cycle- so no compensatory pause

92
Q

R on T PVC

A

PVC occurs on or near the previous T wave. May become Vtach or V fib.

Cardio Block Clin Med 1 (8 decks)

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