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Cardio Block Clin Med 1 > Sinus Rhythms and extrasystole beats > Flashcards

Sinus Rhythms and extrasystole beats Flashcards

1
Q

Sinus tachycardia Rate

A

> 100bpm but

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2
Q

Sinus tachycardia Rate

A

> 100bpm but

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3
Q

Sinus tachycardia rhythm

A

normal, but variable RR interval

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4
Q

sinus tachycardia P wave

A

visible before each QRS

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5
Q

Sinus tachycardia PR interval

A

normal

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6
Q

Sinus tachycardia QRS complex

A

normal

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7
Q

Sinus tachycardia causes

A

Anxiety, exertion, pain, drugs, fever, hypoxia, CHF, PE, MI, hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma, blood loss/anemia/shock, thyrotoxicosis, ETOH, abnormal electrolytes, dehydration, pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade

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8
Q

Sinus bradycardia rate

A
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9
Q

Sinus bradycardia rhythm

A

regular

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10
Q

Sinus bradycardia P wave

A

visible before each QRS

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11
Q

Sinus bradycardia PR interval

A

normal

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12
Q

Sinus bradycardia QRS complex

A

normal

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13
Q

Sinus bradycardia causes

A

drug induced, sinus arrhythmias, SA node block, Sick Sinus, AV block; 2o: electrolyte disturbances, ischemia, vasovagal, intracranial causes, poisoning, hypothyroid, obstructive jaundice, starvation, OSA, infections, carotid sinus hypersensitivity syndrome

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14
Q

Sinus arrhythmia rate

A

beat to beat variation

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15
Q

sinus arrhythmia rhythm

A

normal to slightly irregular

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16
Q

Sinus arrhythmia P wave

A

normal

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17
Q

Sinus arrhythmia PR interval

A

normal

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18
Q

Sinus Arrhythmia QRS complex

A

normal

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19
Q

Sinus arrhythmia causes

A

respiration

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20
Q

Sinus pause/arrest rate

A

normal, until the pause

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21
Q

sinus pause/arrest rhythm

A

normal, until the pause

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22
Q

sinus pause/arrest P wave

A

visible before each QRS

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23
Q

sinus pause/arrest PR interval

A

normal, until the pause

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24
Q

sinus pause/arrest QRS

A

normal, when present

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25
Sinus pause/arrest causes
chest pain, SOB, decreased level of consciousness, hypotension and shock, pulmonary congestion, CHF, acute MI, hyperkalemia, valag hyperactivity, medications
26
Hyperkalemia characteristics
peaked T waves and short P waves
27
PAC rate
can be normal until extrasystole
28
PAC rhythm
irregular
29
PAC P wave
premature, present and included in extrasystole (different look)
30
PAC PR interval
normal to longer
31
PAC QRS
normal to narrow
32
PAC causes
Associated with RBBB, usually idiopathic and benign, catecholamine excess, hypoxia, myocardial ischemia, CHF, acid-base disturbance, electrolyte abnormality
33
PJC rate
can be normal
34
PJC rhythm
regular with extrasystole, no compensatory pause
35
PJC P wave
absent or inverted in extrasystole
36
PJC PR interval
absent or short
37
PJC QRS
if from high nodal source (atria)
38
Sinus tachycardia rhythm
normal, but variable RR interval
39
sinus tachycardia P wave
visible before each QRS
40
Sinus tachycardia PR interval
normal
41
Sinus tachycardia QRS complex
normal
42
Sinus tachycardia causes
Anxiety, exertion, pain, drugs, fever, hypoxia, CHF, PE, MI, hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma, blood loss/anemia/shock, thyrotoxicosis, ETOH, abnormal electrolytes, dehydration, pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade
43
Sinus bradycardia rate
44
Sinus bradycardia rhythm
regular
45
Sinus bradycardia P wave
visible before each QRS
46
Sinus bradycardia PR interval
normal
47
Sinus bradycardia QRS complex
normal
48
Sinus bradycardia causes
drug induced, sinus arrhythmias, SA node block, Sick Sinus, AV block; 2o: electrolyte disturbances, ischemia, vasovagal, intracranial causes, poisoning, hypothyroid, obstructive jaundice, starvation, OSA, infections, carotid sinus hypersensitivity syndrome
49
Sinus arrhythmia rate
beat to beat variation
50
sinus arrhythmia rhythm
normal to slightly irregular
51
Sinus arrhythmia P wave
normal
52
Sinus arrhythmia PR interval
normal
53
Sinus Arrhythmia QRS complex
normal
54
Sinus arrhythmia causes
respiration
55
Sinus pause/arrest rate
normal, until the pause
56
sinus pause/arrest rhythm
normal, until the pause
57
sinus pause/arrest P wave
visible before each QRS
58
sinus pause/arrest PR interval
normal, until the pause
59
sinus pause/arrest QRS
normal, when present
60
Sinus pause/arrest causes
chest pain, SOB, decreased level of consciousness, hypotension and shock, pulmonary congestion, CHF, acute MI, hyperkalemia, valag hyperactivity, medications
61
Hyperkalemia characteristics
peaked T waves and short P waves
62
PAC rate
can be normal until extrasystole
63
PAC rhythm
irregular
64
PAC P wave
premature, present and included in extrasystole (different look)
65
PAC PR interval
normal to longer
66
PAC QRS
normal to narrow
67
PAC causes
Associated with RBBB, usually idiopathic and benign, catecholamine excess, hypoxia, myocardial ischemia, CHF, acid-base disturbance, electrolyte abnormality
68
PJC rate
can be normal
69
PJC rhythm
regular with extrasystole, no compensatory pause
70
PJC P wave
absent or inverted in extrasystole
71
PJC PR interval
absent or short
72
PJC QRS
if from high nodal source (atria) will be Narrow QRS. If from lower nodal source (ventricle) will be wide QRS.
73
PJC causes
usually idiopathic and benign, catecholamine excess, hypoxia, myocardial ischemia, CHF, acid-base disturbance, electrolyte abnormality
74
PVC rate
can be normal
75
PVC rhythm
irregular, with a full compensatory pause
76
PVC P wave
absent in extrasystole
77
PVC PR interval
not measurable
78
PVC QRS
Unusual and wide with bizarre axis
79
PVC T wave
large and opposite of QRS
80
PVC causes
Associated with LBBB. Ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, valvular heart disease, Mitral Valve Prolapse, Stimulants (caffeine, cocaine, alcohol, ephedrine/pseudoephedrine, electrolyte abnormalities, medications (digoxin, theophylline, tricyclics)
81
3 PVC's in a row with fast rhythm
V tach
82
Sinus tachycardia
83
sinus bradycardia
84
Sinus Pauses/ Arrest
85
Hyperkalemia
86
Prematiure Atrial Contraction
87
Premature Junctional Contraction
88
Premature Ventricular Contraction
89
PVCs that look different from each other
Multifocal PVC's
90
PVCs that look the same as each other
unifocal
91
Interpolated PVC
falls in between two regular complexes and does not disrupt the normal cardiac cycle- so no compensatory pause
92
R on T PVC
PVC occurs on or near the previous T wave. May become Vtach or V fib.

Cardio Block Clin Med 1 (8 decks)

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