Ventricles and CSF Flashcards
what is the floor of the lateral ventricle
thalamus and tail of caudate nucleus
what is the roof of the lateral ventricle
corpus callosum.
describe the path of the central canal
it passes from spinal cord to brain stem and opens out into the 4th ventricle
describe the reabsorption of CSF
CSF is reabsorbed into the venous system by passing into the dural venous sinuses, mainly the superior sagittal sinus.
Arachnoid villi can be found along these sinuses
describe the path of the cerebral aqueduct
passes throughout the length of the midbrain, beneath the inferior and superior colliculi.
what is the floor of the inferior horn
the hippocampus
what is the roof of the inferior horn
tail of the caudate nucleus
where is the 4th venticle
4th ventricle which lies on the dorsal surface of the brain beneath the cerebellum
what is the septum pellucidum
sheet spans between the corpus callosum and fornix in the midline and separates the anterior horns of the 2 lateral ventricles.
why does CSF get reabsorbed into dural venous sinuses
Reabsorption occurs here because the hydrostatic pressure in the subarachnoid space is higher than that in the lumen of the sinus and because of the greater colloid osmotic pressure of blood compared to CSF
describe the bottom of the 4th ventricle
extends as far as the pontomesencephalic junction where it becomes continuous with the cerebral aqueduct.
what is the total volume of CSF
usually 135-150ml
what vesicle is the forth ventricle in
rhombencephalon
what does high protein levels in CSF indicate
of meningitis and multiple sclerosis
what is in the diencephalon
thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus
most of third ventricle
how do the 2 lateral ventricles communicate with 3rd ventricle
via the interventricular foramen
what are the primary brain vesicles
(prosencephalon, mesencephalon and rhombencephalon)
what can be identified after week 7 of embryonic development
five secondary brain vesicles are produced by division of prosencephalon (telencephalon, diencephalon) and the rhombencephalon (metencephalon, myelencephalon)
what are the lateral walls of the 3rd ventricle
thalamus and hypothalamus
what vesicle forms the lateral and third ventricle
prosencephalon
what is in the rostral part of the 3rd ventricle
the interventricular foramen (foramen of monro),
what is the lateral wall of the lateral ventricle
head of the caudate nucleus
what is the function of the interventricular foramen
facilitates communication on either side of the 3rd ventricle with the lateral ventricle in the cerebral hemisphere.
At the rostral margin of the midbrain, the _____________ opens into the 3rd ventricle.
cerebral aqueduct
how does the CSF protext the brain from damage
by buffering
what foramina does the fourth ventricle run through
2 lushka and magendie
what is the roof of the 3rd ventricle
pia-ependyma
where does the ventricular system develop from
the lumen of the neural tube
where does the midbrain arise from
from the second vesicle of the neural tube, the mesencephalon
what facilitates communication between the 3rd and 4th ventricle
the cerebral aqueduct
where is CSF formed
mostly in the choroid plexus of the lateral, third and fourth ventricles
or from ependymal cells that line the ventricles
what is a clincal perspective in the ventricles
Hydrocephalus
what can be identified after week 5 of embryonic development
the primary brain vesicles (prosencephalon, mesencephalon and rhombencephalon)
what is in the mesencephalon
brain stem, midbrain and cerebral aqueduct
what is in the metencephalon
brain stem, pons, cerebellum, forth ventricle
what is in the telencephalon
cerebrum, cerebral hemispheres (cortex, white matter, basal nuclei)
lateral ventricles and superior portion of third ventricle
where does the forebrain arise from
the prosencephalon
what does the lateral ventricle consist of
an anterior (frontal) horn, body, posterior (occipital) horn and inferior (temporal) horn.
where does the hindbrain arise from
the developing rhombencephalon
where is the the interventricular foramen (foramen of monro),
is located between the column of the fornix and the anterior pole of the thalamus.
how much CSF is produced a day
500ml
what is the function of cerebrospinal fluid
protextion, buoyancy, excretion of waste products and endocrine medium for the brain
what is the medial wall of the lateral ventricle
septum pellucidum
what is in the myelencephalon
brain stem, medulla oblongata and forth ventricle
what forms the roof of the 4th ventricle
the central canal
describe the flow of CSF
- produced by the choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle
- flows into the interventricular foramen into the 3rd ventricle.
- it enters the 4th ventricle via the cerebral aqueduct
- CSF leaves the ventricular system via the 3 apertures of the 4th ventricle and enters the subarachnoid space.
- Most CSF enters cisterna magna via the median aperture, but some enters the subarachnoid space via lateral apertures.
- From here, CSF flows superiorly around the cerebral hemispheres to the sites of reabsorption.
