VENTILATION, GAS EXCHANGE AND PH HOMEOSTASIS PART 2 Flashcards
What is the driving force for gas movement?
There are two driving factors for gas movement:
Negative intrathoracic pressure
Partial
whats boyels law?
At a conatant temperature the volume of a given quantity of gas is inversly proportional to the pressure it exerts.
what avogrados law?
The volume of gas at the same temperature and pressure have the same number of molecules.
Whats charles law?
At a constant pressure the volume of gas is proprotional to its absolute temperature.
whats the ideal gas law?
PV=NRT
whats daltons law of partial pressure?
the pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is equal to the sum of the individual (partial) pressure exerted by each gas in the same volume.
what are the main gases we inspire?
nigrogen
oxygen
carbon dioxide
water(vapor)
which has the highest concentration in the atmosphere that we inpire?
Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere.
WHAT ARE THE FACTORS THAT EFFCT THE RATE OF DIFFUSION FOR CO2 AND O2?
PARTIAL PRESSURE
SOLUBILTY OF THE GAS IN A LIQUID
AREA AVAILABLE FOR GAS EXCHANGE
THICKNESS OF THE ALVEOLAR WALL
What is the diffucion capacity?
diffucsion capacity is what is used to measure the ability of a gas to diffuce the alveolar and blood.
how is oxygen transported?
Oxygen partially dissolves in h2o and then it reversibly combines with hb.
it forms oxyheamoglobin
what chains make hemoglobin an adult and how is this idffrent to a fetus.
In an adult heamoglobin there are 2 Alpha chains and 2 Beta chains.
in fetal heamoglobin there are 2 Gamma chains and 2 Beta chains.
Factors that cause a shift right in the sigmoid curve?
a shift right in the sigmoid curve is caused by:
increased H+ ions
increased carbon dioxide
increased temperature
increased bpg( affects ocygen- binding to haemoglobin)
How is carbon dioxide transported in the blood?
co2 can be transported directly in the plasma
transported as carboamino hb ( co2+hb)
H+ ions and carbonate ions (hco3-) ( this reaction can happen in the plasma or in red blood cells. But when it happens in red blood cells its quicker as CA is used as an enzyme. Also co3- leave and cl- enter the red blood cell.)
