Respiratory tract histology and defence mechanisms part 1 Flashcards
what cells are found lining the conducting airways?
cilated columnar epithelium
goblet cells - secrete mucus
basal cells- ( stem cells)
whats under the basal cells?
Under the basal cells we have the lamina propria, which includes:
- loose connective tisse
- blood vessles
- lymphocytes
- rigid structures to keep the air way open
Whats the mucocillary escalator?
The mucus has a gel pase ontop of a sol phase, this allows for semipermability to o2 or water but impermability to pathogens. they can then be waffed up to the pharygnx by the movement of the cilia.
whats the main component in mucus.
mucins are the main component, they are rich in glycoprotein. they give mucus its gel like structure
what are the properties of mucus
non specific defense
It has antiprotease, lysozyme and anti- microbial properties.
what are the properties of mucus
non specific defense
It has antiprotease, lysozyme and anti- microbial properties.
WHAT TYPE OPF CARTILAGE FORM THE C SHAPED CARTILAGE OF THE TRACHEA?
The C-shaped cartilage are formed by the hayline cartilage.
what type of epithelial cell is found in the respiratory zone.
the simple cuboidal epithelial cells.
what type of epithelial cell is found in the respiratory zone.
the simple cuboidal epithelial cells.
what are the 3 main cells of the alveoli and what is there function?
Type 1- do not replicate/ divide, THEY FORM OCCLUDIONG JUNCTIONS, simple squamous epitheilum, FORMS THIN DIFFUSION BARRIER
Type 2- simple cuboidal epithilium, rapid cell division, PRODUCE SURFACTANT to reduce surace tension and prevent alveoli from collapse, FORM OCCLUDING JUNCTIONS WITH TYPE 1
alveolar macropages- phagocytic immune cells
what are the pores that connect neighbouring alveoli called?
The pores are called kohn.
what is bronchitis?
inflamation in the airways leading to narrowing of passages.
what is emphysema?
emphysema is the Degeneration of alveolar membranes, preventing adequte release of air.
what is asthma?
chronic inflamatory disease of the airway with obstructive disturbance of airflow.
inflamation, damage and airway remodeling
