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Sem 2 Case 3 > Ventilation and perfusion balance > Flashcards

Ventilation and perfusion balance Flashcards

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1
Q

What reduces partial pressures in alveolar

A

‘wet air”

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2
Q

What is the amount of gas transferred proportional to

A 
Pressure gradient 
Surface area available for diffusion 
1/length of the pathway 
solubility 
1/root molecular weight
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3
Q

In terms of Partial Pressure of 02 and C02 leaving the pulmonary capillary and the alveolus, what is the relationship between them

A

Pulmonary capillary pressure is essentially the same as the partial pressures of gas in the alveolus

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4
Q

What are the typical gas values in a healthy adult (Arterial PaO2 and PaC02

A 
PaO2 = 13Kpa (100mmHg)
PaC02= 5.3kPa (40mmHg)
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5
Q

What are the typical gas values in a healthy adult (venous l PaO2 and PaC02

A 
PaO2 = 5Kpa (37mmHg)
PaC02= 6kPa (45mmHg)
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6
Q

is oxygen soluble in plasma

A

Not very a tall

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7
Q

What is Hb

A

Haemoglobin

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8
Q

Explain Haemoglobin

A

Oxygen carrying pigment
Contained within red cells
Each Hb molecule can bind 4 molecules of oxygen

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9
Q

How many ml of O2 does 1g of Hb hold

A

1.3ml oxygen

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10
Q

How many mmol/l do we need for oxygen content in blood

A

9 mmol/l

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11
Q

Draw a saturation of Hb with O2 over PO2 graph

A

k bos

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12
Q

Is the O2 content and the PaO2 a linear graph

A

yer ma g

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13
Q

how is the majority of CO2 carried in the blood

A

Bicarbonate and Carbamino

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14
Q

What are the perfusion related causes of V/Q inequalities

A

Gravity, Respirator disease and pulmonary embolus

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15
Q

Where is the ventilation higher in the lungs

A

Base

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16
Q

What effect does gravity have on the lungs

A

Apex more stretched than lower bits

17
Q

Where is perfusion higher

A

Base of lungs

18
Q

What can sometimes get arterioles to constrict

A

Hypoxic pulmonar

19
Q

What is cor pulmonale

A

Right heart failure

20
Q

What does a decreased blood flow to the region of lung cause

A

Decreased Air flow

21
Q

What does a decreased air flow to region of lung cause

A

Decreased blood flow

22
Q

What do the local adaptions to V/Q inequalities help

A

divert blood and air flow away from local area of disease to healthy areas

23
Q

What happens when Pulmonary air flow is decreased to a specific area of lung

A

Lung Blood PO2 decreases
Vasoconstriction of pulmonary vessels
Thus Decreased blood flow

Sem 2 Case 3 (6 decks)

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