Ventilation And Gas Exchange Flashcards
Ventilation
The exchange of air between the lungs and the atmosphere so that oxygen can be exchanged for carbon dioxide in the alveoli
Gas exchange
Gases diffuses from where they have a high concentration to where they have a low concentration
Oxygen diffuses from the air in the alveoli into the blood, then carried by haemoglobin in red blood cells to other cells which need it for respiration
Carbon dioxide is carried from cells that produce it in respiration to the lungs. It then diffuses from the blood into the air in the alveoli
How do intercostal muscles and diaphragm bring about ventilation
When you breathe in your diaphragm goes down, so lungs have more room to expand
Intercostal muscles contract to move ribs up and out for larger cavity for lungs to expand into
Diaphragm goes up and relaxes when breathing out
Intercostal muscles come in when breathing out
Bell jar demo what do pieces represent
Main tube that that brings air in and out of the body is the the trachea
The tubes that take in air in and out of the lungs are the bronchi
The organs represented by the balloons are the lungs
The muscle represented by the rubber sheet id the diaphragm
Th structure in the body represented by the bell jar is the rib cage
If the rubber sheet is pulled down, explain what would happen to thevolume of the bell jar, pressure in jar and the balloons
The volume would increase
Pressure decrease
Balloons inflate
Limitations
No intercostal muscles, jar not exact enough representation of ribs
Alveoli not represented in the model
No heart, small lungs, ribcage cant move, lungs completely empty x not like that in real life
Why is a stab wound likely to cause breathing difficulties
Constant low pressure with air going out and not into the lungs
Intercostal muscles
Inhale:
Contract
Exhale:
Relax
Ribs
Inhale:
Move up
Exhale:
Move down
Diaphragm muscles
Inhale:
Contract
Exhale:
Relax
Diaphragm
Inhale:
Lowers
Exhale: raised
Volume of chest
Inhale:
Increases
Exhale:
Decreases
Pressure in the chest
Inhale:
Decreases
Exhale:
Increases
Air pressure in the lungs is greater/ lower than atmospheric pressure
Inhale:
Lower
Exhale:
Greater
Air rushes (in/out) of the lungs
Inhale:
In
Exhale:
Out
