Ventilation

Question 1

Indications of ventilation?

Answer 1

Respiratory failure, post-operative, head injuries, spinal injury, airway obstruction

Question 2

What types of intubation are there? (3)

Answer 2

Endotracheal tube (most common)
Nasal endotracheal tube 
Tracheostomy

Question 3

Complications of Ventilation

Answer 3

CVS instability
VQ mismatch
Excess secretions/infection
Discomfort
Weakened respiratory muscles

Question 4

Mechanical ventilation

Answer 4

• Air and oxygen mixture pushed into the lungs for inspiration.
• Uses positive pressure - VQ mismatch as it reverses the ventilation gradient

Question 5

Types of ventilation

Answer 5

Pressure controlled - pressure is preset until pressure is reached, expiration happens passively

Volume controlled - Pre set volume of gas is delivered during inspiration and once it has been delivered, expiration occurs

Question 6

SPONT

Answer 6

Spontaneous pressure support ventilation.

When patient is doing well, each breath is triggered by the patient but they also get more support during the breath.

Question 7

CPAP

Answer 7

Continuous positive airway pressure.

External respiratory support - step to get off a ventilator.

Question 8

PEEP

Answer 8

Positive end expiratory pressure - The bird, nippy clearway.

Positive pressure is applied at the end of expiration to splint the alveoli open.