Vent+Gas exchange Flashcards
How would you describe these lungs?
Normothermic ex-vivo ventilated perfused lungs
def Alveolar ventilation (Valv)
The volume of air reaching the respiratory zone per minute
def Respiration
The process of generating ATP either with an excess of oxygen (aerobic) and a shortfall (anaerobic)
Physiological dead space
Equivalent to the sum of alveolar and anatomical dead space
def Hypoventilation
Deficient ventilation of the lungs; unable to meet metabolic demand (increased PO2 – acidosis)
def Hyperventilation
Excessive ventilation of the lungs atop of metabolic demand (results in reduced PCO2 - alkalosis)
def Hyperpnoea
Increased depth of breathing (to meet metabolic demand)
def Apnoea
Cessation of breathing
def Dyspnoea
Difficulty breathing
def Bradypnoea
Slow breathing rate
def Orthopnoea
Positional difficulty in breathing (when lying down)
Left>Right
Inspiratory reserve volume
Expiratory reserve volume
Tidal volume
Residual volume
Inspiratory capacity
Functional residual capacity
Vital capacity
How do you calculate functional residual capacity?
Expiratory reserve volume + Residual volume
How do you calculate vital capacity?
Expiratory reserve volume + Tidal volume + Inspiratory reserve volume
How do you calculate Inspiratory capacity?
Tidal volume + Inspiratory reserve volume
How do you calculate minute ventilation?
Breathing frequency * Tidal volume
How do you calculate alveolar ventilation(Gas entering and leaving the alveoli)?
(Tidal volume - Dead space) * Breathing frequency
What factors affect lung volumes and capacities?
Body size
Sex
Disease
Age
Fitness
def Physiological dead space
Anatomical + Alveolar dead space
16
150mL
Anatomical dead space
No blood supply
0mL
Alveolar dead space
7
alveolar ventilation
Spring outwards
Recoil inwards
What constitutes the neutral position of the chest
Equilibrium forces of the chest wall and the lung
