Venous thrombosis

Question 1

Main difference between arterial and venous thrombosis

Answer 1

Arterial- platelet rich

Venous- fibrin rich

Question 2

What is Virchow’s triad?

Answer 2

Stasis; endothelial injury/dysfunction; hypercoagulability

Question 3

Two main types of venous thromboembolism

Answer 3

Deep vein thrombosis

Pulmonary embolism

Question 4

Mechanisms of thrombophilia (3)

Answer 4

Increased coagulation
Decreased fibronolytic activity
Decreased anticoagulant activity

Question 5

A group of genetic defects in which affected individuals have an increased tendency to develop premature, unusual and recurrent thromboses

Answer 5

Hereditary thrombophilias

Question 6

Examples of hereditary thrombophilias (5)

Answer 6

Factor V Leiden
Prothrombin 20210 mutation
Antithrombin deficiency
Protein C deficiency
Protein S deficiency

Question 7

When should screening for hereditary thrombophilia be considered? (5)

Answer 7

Venous thrombosis less than 45 years old
Reccurent VTE
"Unusual" VTE
FHx VTE
FHx thrombophilia

Question 8

Management principles in hereditary thrombophilia (4)

Answer 8

Advice on risk minimization
Short term prophylaxis to cover periods of known risk
Short term anticoagulation during events
Long term anticoagulation if recurrent thromboses

Question 9

Features of antiphospholipid syndrome (3)

Answer 9

Recurrent arterial and venous thromboses
Recurrent fetal loss
Thrombocytopenia