Venous disorders and vascular neoplasms Flashcards
Complications of varicose veins
Stasis dermatitis
Ulcerations
Poor wound healing
Superimposed infections
Rupture, leading to hemorrhage
Complication of a neoplasm that results in marked dilation of the veins of the head, neck and arms with cyanosis and respiratory distress
SVC syndrome
Sign of renal involvement in IVC syndrome
Massive proteinuria
Ectasia type characterized by a flat, light pink to deep purple lesion on the head/neck. Spontaneously regresses. Blanches when compressed. Symmetric. Commonly called a birthmark.
Nevus simplex
Ectasia type characterized that grows during childhood and does not fade/regress with time. Associated with Sturge Weber syndrome. Pink lesion of the face, not symmetric.
Nevus flammeus
Ectasia type characterized by lesions of the face, neck and upper chest. Radial, pulsatile arrays of dilated subcutaneous arteries/arterioles about a central core. Blanch with pressure. Associated with hyperestrogenic states.
Spider telangiectasias
Ectasia type characterized by dilated capillaries and veins over respiratory, GI, and urinary tract membranes that spontaneously rupture. Lesions seen in the mouth, lips, and around the fingernails.
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (Osler-Wever-Rendu disease)
Hemangioma type characterized by thin-walled capillaries with scant stroma, increased frequency with age, and it does not regress.
Capillary (cherry) hemangioma
Hemangioma type that is seen in newborns that grows initially and will completely regress by age 7.
Juvenile (strawberry) hemangioma
Hemangioma type that is more infiltrative and frequently involves deep structure. It does not spontaneously regress. It is characterized by infiltrative border, unencapsulated, and is composed of large, cavernous blood filled vascular spaces separated by CT stroma. Associated with VHL disease
Cavernous hemangiomas
Hemangioma characterized by red pedunculated lesions on the skin and gingival/oral mucosa. Easily bleed and ulcerate.
Pyogenic granulomas
Lymphangioma type that predominantly effects the head, neck, and axillary subcutaneous tissues. Characterized by networks of endothelium-lined spaces that can be distinguished from capillary channels only by the absence of RBCs.
Simple/capillary lymphangiomas
Lymphangioma type that effects the neck, axilla, or retroperitoneum. Characterized by indistinct margins, unencapsulated, massively dilated lymphatic spaces, and separated by intervening CT stroma containing lymphoid aggregates
Cavernous lymphangiomas –> also called cystic hygromas or Turner syndrome
Benign, reddish-blue nodule arising from modified smooth muscle cells. Seen in the distal portion of digits, particularly under the nail.
Glomus tumor
Vascular proliferation in immunocompromised hosts characterized by red papules and nodules, and rounded subcutaneous masses.
Bacillary angiomatosis
