Thrombosis Flashcards
Virchow triad of thrombosis
Endothelial injury
Abnormal blood flow
Hypercoagulability
Ways endothelial injury favors a prothrombotic state
Downregulation of thrombomodulin
Downregulation of anticoagulants
Secretion of PAIs
Downregulation of tPA expression
Primary hypercoagulability disorders
Factor V Leiden mutation
Prothrombin mutation
Inherited deficiency of cystathione beta-synthetase
Deficiencies of anticoagulants
Secondary causes of hypercoagulability
DIC
Heparin-induce thrombocytopenia
Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome
Cancer
Immobilization
Hyperestrogenic states
OCP use
Sickle cell anemia
Grossly and microscopically apparent laminations in a antemortem thrombus
Lines of Zahn
Thrombi that occur in heart chambers or in the aortic lumen
Mural thrombi
Causes of mural thrombi in heart chambers
Arrhythmias
Dilated cardiomyopathy
MI
Myocarditis
Catheter trauma
Causes of mural thrombi in aortic lumen
Ulcerated atherosclerotic plaque
Aneurysmal dilation
Thrombi that develop on heart valves
Vegetations
Causes of vegetations
Infective endocarditis
Libman-Sacks endocarditis
Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis
Condition associated with Libman-Sacks endocarditis
SLE
Condition associated with nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis
Cancer
Possible fates of a thrombus
Propagation
Embolization
Dissolution
Organization
Recanalization
During autopsy a thrombus is found that is dry and friable. It is primarily composed of platelets. It is attached to the vessel wall.
Antemortem thrombus
During autopsy a clot is found. It is moist and jelly-like. It is primarily composed of fibrin. It is not attached to the vessel wall.
Postmortem clot
