venipuncture procedure Flashcards
It is the process of collecting or “drawing” blood from a vein.
Venipuncture
- It is the most common way to collect blood specimens for laboratory testing and the most frequent procedure performed by a phlebotomist.
What should the patient do before specimen collection can take place
The patient must be registered with the healthcare facility or specimen collection center
- misidentification leads to invalid results
It is a routine process during which data is collected that creates a patient record for the specific individual who is being admitted to the facility or has arrived for testing at the specimen collection center.
Registration
- includes full name, DOB, sex and address
- proof of id
- patient identity number
Who request laboratory testing
Physicians
Other qualified healthcare professionals
- exceptions are certain rapid tests that can be purchased and performed at home by consumers.
The form on which test orders are entered
Test Requisition
- becomes part of a patient’s record and requires specific information to ensure that the right patient is tested.
Why are test requisition important
To meet the physician’s orders
Correct tests are performed at proper time under the required condition
Patient is billed correctly
What is required in the requires requisition information
★ Ordering a healthcare provider or another authorized person’s name
★ Full name (first name and middle name or initial if applicable)
★ Patient-specific identifier (eg inpatient medical record number)
★ Sex
★ Date of birth or age (per facility policy)
★ Room no. and bed (if inpatient)
★ Test(s) that are to be performed
★ Date test is to be performed (and time if applicable)
★ Test status (e.g. timed, fasting, priority)
★ Registration is a routine process during which data is collected that creates a patient record for the specific individual
*request form varies if they are inpatient, outpatient or emergency patient
venipuncture steps
- receive, review and accession test request
- approach, greet and identify the patient
- explain the procedure and obtain consent
- verify collection requirements and identify sensitives and potential problems
- sanitize hands and put on gloves
- position patient, apply tourniquet and ask patient to make a fist
- select a vein, release the tourniquet and ask the patient to open the fist
- clean and air-dry the site
- prepare collection equipment
- reapply the tourniquet and uncap and inspect the needle
- ask the patient to remake a fist, anchor the vein and insert the needle
- establish blood flow, release tourniquet and ask the patient to open the fist.
- fill, remove and mix tubes in order of draw or fill syringe
- withdraw needle, place gauze, activate the needle safety and apply pressure
- discard needles and transfer blood
- label and prepare tubes for handling and transport
- check the patient’s arm and apply a bandage
- dispose of used materials and reposition moved items
19 thank the patient, remove gloves and sanitize hands - transport specimens to the lab promptlty
This is the first step for the laboratory in the pre-examination or pre-analytical (before analysis) phase of the testing process.
receipt of the test request
requisition form for inpatients vs outpatients
inpatients:
print out at a special computer terminal at the phleb station
outpatients:
test orders written on them by their physicians
what do you have to do when you receive the request form/ test request
● Check to see that all required information is present and complete.
● Make certain that the request matches the labels generated.
● Resolve any problems or discrepancies by contacting the provider.
● Verify the tests to be collected and time and date of collection.
● Identify diet restrictions or other special circumstances that must be met prior to collection.
○ Must explain the factors and
consequences if they overfast.
● Determine test status and collection priority
what happens if there is an error in the requisition form
return the form to the nurse area for them to correct the information
rank the priority of the tests
- STAT, shortest turn around time (less than 1hr)
- immediately cos patient is critical
- ER stats have priority over other STATs - Med Emergency
- Timed
- collect at a specific time
2/3:
ASAP, as soon as possible
- patient is not critical
Preop, before operation
Postop, after operation
- Fasting
- no food or drink except for water - NPO
- prior to surgery or other anesthesia procedures - Routine
- establish diagnosis r monitor patient’s progress
process or recording in the order received
accession
-assigned a uniquue no used to identify the specimens and all associated processes and paperwork associated
approaching patients: outpatients vs inpatients
outpatients:
make certain they are safely situated in the phleb chair with the armrest down
inpatients:
arrange test requisition according to priority and review them to see the necessary equipment
