Venipuncture Flashcards
use dorsum of hands, site without arteriovenous (AV) fistula
Dialysis patients
patients who cannot perform regular daily activities due to certain health conditions. “assisted-living” by relatives or friends
* Private homes
* Community-based rehabilitation facilities (adult day-care center)
Long-term care patients
patients that need medical attention
and assistance from health professionals from time to time
Home-care patients
patients who need end-of life care, mostly have a prognosis of six months or less
Hospice patients
May have special conditions: arthritis, diabetes, Parkinson’s
disease, stroke, atherosclerosis, dementia
Geriatric or elderly patients
Have thinner skin and smaller muscles – causes vein to
roll easily
Geriatric or elderly patients
- anesthesia used for pain interventions
- Forms: cream or oral
- Take about an hour to effect and anesthetize the area
EMLA (Eutectic mixture of local anesthetics)
Necessary Information in the Specimen Tube Labeling
a) Patient’s complete name (First & Last name)
b) Date of Birth
c) ID Number (if applicable)
d) Date & time of collection
e) Initials of the phlebotomist
f) Additional information such as “fasting.”
Immediately
Stat
Medical Emergency
Med Emerg
Collect at specific time
TImed
As soon as possible
ASAP
prior to collection there should be no food or drink intake for 8-12 hours except for water
Fasting
Nothing by mouth
NPO
Before an operation
preop
after an operation
postop
relating to established procedure
routine
results are needed for critical patients
stat
med emerg
Immediately collect, test, and report result. Alert when delivered. ER stat are priority
stat
med emerg
Glucose
H&H
Electrolytes
Cardiac Enzymes
stat
med emerg
First
stat
med emerg
timing of collection is important
timed
collect close to required time and record actual time
timed
2 - hour PP
GTT Cortisol
Cardiac Enzymes
TDM
Blood cultures
timed
Second
timed
results are needed to respond to serious but not yet critical situation
ASAP
Follow hospital protocol
ASAP
Electrolytes
Glucose
H&H
ASAP
Second or Third
ASAP
Preop
Postop
Eliminate effects of the diet
Fasting
Verify the patient have fasted. If he did not, check if the test could still proceed
Fasting
Glucose
Cholesterol
Triglycerides
Fasting
Fourth
Fasting
Prior to surgery or other anesthesia procedures
NPO
do not give food or water
NPO
No test sample and no level of priority
NPO
determine eligibility for surgery
Preop
Collect before surgery
Preop
CBC
PTT
Platelet function studies
Preop
Assess condition after surgery
Postop
Collect after surgery
Postop
H&H
Postop
Establish diagnosis or monitor progress
routine
collect on time but not urgent
routine
CBC
Chem Profile
routine
No level of priority
routine
- scanned into a computer using a special device with a laser.
- the information in the code is then interpreted and processed
- greatly help in minimizing clerical errors
Requisitions with Bar-code
-sticker affixed to collection tubes
-phlebotomist must note the time of collection and confirm the information by affixing his/her initials
Computer-generated Label
serves as back-up when
computerized system fails
Manual Requisition
- First step of pre examination phase
- Comes from the physician
- Includes:
- Test ordered
- Special instructions
- Will be a part of the patient’s medical record
test request
- Process of collecting or “drawing blood” blood from a vein of the patient for laboratory testing
- Done by phlebotomists
- Should possess the necessary knowledge and skills
Venipuncture
