Veins And Blood Flashcards
What are the basic structures contained in the central nervous system
The brain the brain stem and spinal cord
What are the basic structures contained in the peripheral nervous system
All other nerves outside the brain and spinal cord.
What are afferent nerves in the peripheral nervous system
Nerves that travel towards the CNS from the periphery. They realize sensory information to censor receptors in the CNS for processing touch proprioception vibration etc
What are efferent peripheral nerves
Nerves that travel away from the CNS to the periphery. They really more information from the CNS to muscles and glands.
Does the spinal cord travel all the way down the back
No it ends around TX11 to L11 in the vertebrae.
What is the point looking region at the end of the spinal cord called
The conus medullaris
What are the nerves that come out below the conus medullaris that look like a horse tail
Cauda equina
What is the foreman Magnum
The hole in the base of the skull when the spinal cord leaves the skull to enter the vertebral column
What is the brain stem
The stand that comes out of the brain and it controls involuntary tasks that keep Us alive it is where cranial nerves come from.
What are cranial nerves and how many are there
Cranial nerves are nerves that come out of the brain stem and there are 12
What are spinal nerves
Nerves that come out of the spinal cord
What is an introvertebral Foreman
A hole in the side of a vertebrae
How many spinal nerves are there compared to the amount of vertebrae in each section
There’s seven cervical vertebrae and eight nerves there, and a thoracic and lumbar regions the amount of nerves and vertebrae are the same
How are vertebrae numbered
With regular numbers
What is a nerve root
The part of the nerve branching off the spinal cord that hasn’t yet left the vertebrae.
When does the nerve root become a spinal nerve
When it exits the intervertebral foreman
What is a plexus
A network or web of nerves
What is a cervical plexus
Nerves C1 to c4 in the upper neck
What is the brachial plexus
Nerf C5 to t1 in mid neck to clavicle
When is the lumbar plexus
Nerves l1 to l4 in the lower back
What is the sacral plexis
Nerves l4 to S4 near the sacrum
Are there any plexus in the thoracic region explain
There are no plexus in the thoracic region because the ribs are in the way however one spinal nerve travels between each of the ribs, they just don’t make a network
What is muscle intervention
Each muscle has one or more nerves that may only control its movement.
Describe the radial nerve
The radial nerve originates from the brachial plexus, it wraps posteriorly around the mid-shaft humerus, passes interior to the lateral condyle, it travels postero laterally in the forearm. It is also the largest nerve in the upper extremity
Describe the ulnar nerve
It originates from the brachial plexus, it travels along the medial humorous, passes posterior to the medial epicondyle, travels along antero medial forearm to the medial corner of hand.
Describe the median nerve
It originates from the brachial plexus, it travels along the antero medial humerus (between the ulnar nerve and humorous), it travels interior to the medial epicondyle and travels along the interior form to the base of the middle of the Palm.
Describe the sciatic nerve
It originates from the lumbosacral plexus, it travels out of the pelvis between the anterior sacrum and posterior ischium. It travels along the postero-medial femur. Lastly it’s splits just above the knee into the common fibular nerve and the tibial nerve.
Describe the common fibular nerve
It travels lateral to the knee, around the fibular neck, and it travels down the interior fibula and ends in the dorsal surface of foot
Describe the tibial nerve
It travels across the posterior knee and posterior tibia. Travels medial to the ankle joints to the planter surface of foot.
Describe the femoral nerve
It originates from the lumbosacral plexus, it travels along the medial ilium then travels Superior and anterior to the pubic bone. It travels along the anterior femur, and ends in justify musculature
What do arteries do
They carry blood away from the heart
What do veins do
They carry blood towards the heart
What does systemic mean in terms of arteries and veins
Systemic means the body so in arteries it delivers oxygenated blood from the heart to the muscles in the body, and in veins it delivers the deoxygenatd from the muscles to the heart
What does pulmonary mean in terms of veins and arteries
Pulmonary refers to the lungs. Pulmonary arteries deliver deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs and pulmonary veins delivered deoxygenated blood from the heart to thongs to be sent to the entire body.
