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HES 120 > Joints > Flashcards

Joints Flashcards

1
Q

What is the stiff tissue (joint capsule) surrounding the joints made of

A

Connective tissue

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2
Q

What is connective tissue

A

A type of tissue that has similar molecular composition to each other. This tissue provides support, protection, and structure to other tissues

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3
Q

Give examples of connective tissue in the body

A

Bones, cartilage, hyaline cartilage, and fibrocartilage. More specifically ligaments, tendons, joint capsules, fascia, blood and blood vessels.

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4
Q

Are skeletal muscles connective tissue

A

No

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5
Q

Define motion is lotion

A

When hyaline cartilage glides against each other, it creates synovial fluid that lubricates the joint. That can be due to exercise

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6
Q

What does muscle tissue make

A

Muscles

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7
Q

Give an example of nervous tissue

A

Nerves

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8
Q

Name five types of tissue

A

Connective, muscle, nervous, dermal, and cardiac,l.

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9
Q

What is flexion

A

A movement that decreases the angle between body parts

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10
Q

What is extension

A

A movement that increases the angle between body parts on either side of a joint.

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11
Q

What is abduction

A

Movement away from the midline in the coronal plane

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12
Q

What is adduction

A

Movement towards the midline on the coronal plane

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13
Q

What is medial rotation

A

(Internal rotation) Rotation towards the midline

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14
Q

What is lateral rotation

A

(external rotation) rotation away from the midline

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15
Q

What is elevation

A

To move superiorly

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16
Q

What is depression

A

To move inferiority

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17
Q

What is protraction

A

To bring anteriorly

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18
Q

What is retraction

A

To bring posteriorly

19
Q

If you turn your whole body 90 degrees, does your plane change?

A

No

20
Q

What are the two types of joints

A

Synovial joints and solid joints

21
Q

What are the features of solid joints

A

They have no joint cavity, they are connected with stiff connective tissue(usually fibrocartilage), the joints have little to no movement, they are not all the same.

22
Q

Give an example of a solid joints

A

The pubic symphysis or sutures of the skull

23
Q

What are the features of synovial joints

A

They have a small cavity between the bones surrounded by a joint capsule, the cavity contains synovial fluid that lubricates the joints, and joints allow movement.

24
Q

What are synovial joints named after

A

Shape and movement

25
Q

What are the types of synovial joints

A

Plantar, hinge, pivot, bicondylar, condylar, saddle, and ball and socket.

26
Q

Define uniaxial,biaxial, and multiaxial

A

Uniaxial moves in one plane, bi two, and multi 3 or more

27
Q

Describe plane joints

A

They are uniaxial, flat bones that are slightly concave or convex, they allow gliding movements between bones in one place. An example is the acromioclavicular joint

28
Q

What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint

A

A plane joint

29
Q

What type of joint is the acromioclavicular joint

A

A plane joint

30
Q

Describe a hinge joint

A

Bone articular surfaces are convex and concave, they are uniaxial.

31
Q

Describe the humero ulnar joint

A

It is a hinge joint that allows for flexion and extension. It is uniaxial

32
Q

What is the talocrural joint

A

It is a hinge joint (uniaxial) in the ankle that allows for plantar flexion and dorsiflexion

33
Q

Define pivot joints

A

Pivot joints are uniaxial with a cylindrical bone that permits rotation in one plane. An example is the atlanto-axial joint

34
Q

What is the atlanto-axial joint

A

It is a pivot joint at the axis at Atlas of the spine. It allows for rotation on one plane (uniaxial)

35
Q

What is a condyle

A

A rounded projection on the end of a bone that articulates with another bone

36
Q

What is the bicondylar joint

A

A joint made from two slightly convex bone surfaces ( the condyles) that allows for rotation at the joint. It is biaxial and has full movement in one plane and partial in another. An example is the tibiofemoral

37
Q

Describe the tibiofemoral joint

A

It is the knee joint and it permits flexion, extension, and some medial and lateral rotation.the joint is biaxial and bicondylar

38
Q

Describe a condylar joint

A

A joint with a slightly convex bone surface (condyle) that fits into a slightly concave surface. This is biaxial and allows flexion, extension, abduction and adduction. Example is temporomandibular joint (tmj)

39
Q

Describe a condylar joint

A

A joint with a slightly convex bone surface (condyle) that fits into a slightly concave surface. This is biaxial and allows flexion, extension, abduction and adduction. Example is temporomandibular joint (tmj)

40
Q

What is the temporomandibular joint

A

A condylar joint (biaxial) that allows movements in two planes at right angles to each other. Found at mandible . Allows elevation, depression, protraction/rotation, and lateral deviation

41
Q

Describe saddle joints

A

Biaxial joints with articular surfaces that are saddle shaped. Movement at 2 planes with right angles to each other. Example: Sternoclavicular joint

42
Q

What is the Sternoclavicular joint

A

It is a biaxial saddle joint that has elevation/depression, protraction, retraction

43
Q

What is a ball and socket joint

A

A multiaxial joint with a convex ball that fits into a socket of another surface. Example is acetabulofemoral joint

44
Q

What is the acetabulofemoral joint

A

The hip, ball and socket joint that has flexion/extension, abduction, adduction, medial/ lateral rotation

HES 120 (6 decks)

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