vectors Flashcards
Two species of glossina
G.mortisans (rhodesiense- savannah tsetse)
G.palpalis (gambiense-riverine tsetse)
Distinguishing features of tsetse
Prominent proboscis
black/brown colour
wings folded back like scissors at rest
Hatchet cell in wings
features of tsetse life cycle
- female produces a single egg that develops in mother
- mother deposits larva which burrows into ground and pupates
- adult fly emerges after 30 days
- adult needs blood meal every 3 days
control of tsetse
ground spraying
aerial spraying
traps and targets
insecticide treated cattle
Genus and species of sandlfies
genus-phlebotomine
species- phlebotomus (old world) lutzomyia (new world)
features of sandfly
very small, yellow/brown, stilt like legs, upright wings, lots of hairs
breeding site of sandfly
moist soil rich in organic matter and rest in dark humid places
burrows, caves, termite hills, leaf litter, house cracks
Sandflies exhibit lekking- what is this
courtship behaviour- makes aggregate on or near a host and perform a dance and release pheremones
What could be potential used as a vaccine for lesihmaniasis
Saliva of sandfly- it is highly immunogenic and initiates an immune response, maybe saliva proteins could be used in a vaccine
Methods of collecting sandflies
manual aspiration
sticky trap
CDC light trap
Methods of control against sandflies
- repellants, protective clothing, sleep above ground, bed nets
- ITNs, IRS, fogging
- insecticide treated collars, distance reservoirs from humans
- remove sugar sources, prevent indoor biting, eliminate breeding sites
Family of triatomine bugs
reduviidae
life cycle of triatomines
eggs-5 nymphal instars- adults (just get bigger)(all stages blood feed)
Detection of triatomines
black rain- faeces on walls
nymphs are wingless and indicative of recent infestation
How do triatomines transmit t.cruzi
takes blood meal, defecates, parasites transmitted via faeces which enter through abrasions in skin
