- dizziness - dysphagia - drop attacks - dysarthria - diplopia - nausea - numbness - nystagmun - ataxia

VBI, Cervical Flashcards by Marco DiFederico

Vertebral artery segment - at V1

prevertebral

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Vertebral artery segment - V2

Vertebral (c2-6)

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Vertebral artery segment - V3

atlantal segment (most mobile, concerns about dissection)

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Vertebral artery segment - V4

intracranial (concerns about atherosclerotic plaques)

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PICA supplies:

cerebellum and posterior cortex

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blood flow to PICA is blocked, what happens?

signs and symptoms of 5D and 3N

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5D and 3 N

dizziness
dysphagia
drop attacks
dysarthria
diplopia
nausea
numbness
nystagmun
ataxia

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what are most frequently associated with atherosclerosis

hypertension and myocardial infarction

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what part of the vertebral artery segment is most frequently the area of arteriosclerosis

V4 - intracranial portion

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arterial dissection, is a tear and elevation of what?

tunica intima from arterial wall, results in luminal stenosis

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arterial dissection, most commonly occur in what part of the vertebral artery segment?

V3 - atlanto segment (most mobile)

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vertebral artery dissection, more common in male or females

64% females

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vertebral artery dissection S&S immediately after SMT in ____% of individuals

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proposed mechanism of vertebral artery dissection

mechanical stretch on the vertebral artery caused by sudden neck movement while playing golf during a golf swing

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spontaneous Anterior Circulation Arterial Disease (ACAD) is most likely in where- children

V4 - intracranial

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post-traumatic anterior circulation arterial disease (ACAD) is most likely in where - children

V3 - atlanto - extracranial

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Wallenberg’s syndrome

lateral medullar infarct supplied by PICA
ipsilateral cerebellar ataxia, nystagmus, facial analgesia, Horner’s syndrome, dysphagia and dysphonia
contralateral limb and trunk analgesia

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common site of injury to vertebral artery with rotation/stretching

between C1-C2

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common site of injury that compresses Internal Carotid artery

C1 TVP

common site of injury to vertebral artery by compression

C2-C3

common site of injury to vertebral artery causing osteoarthritis

C5-C6 or C4-C5

common site of injury to vertebral artery by rotation

common site of injury to vertebral artery by muscular compression

C1-C2

right nystagmus, left/right side lesion

left-sided lesion

3 types of skew deviation

- type 1 - upward deviation of both eyes - type 2 - hypertropia in one eye (strabismus) -> brainstem, opthalmoplegia - type 3 - simultaneous hypertropia in one eye and hypotropia in the other eye -> upper brainstem lesion

3 HINTS tests

- horizontal head impulse - nystagmus - skew deviation

____ HINTS test present is dx for Vestibular Neuronitis

___ HINTS test present could indicate Stroke

T/F anyone with neurological involvement should obtain imaging

MC level of cervical herniations is:

C6/7

MC level of degeneration in cervical spine

C5/C6

Cannon's law of denervation

motor point becomes hypersensitive after period of partial denervation (may be why there are trigger points)

what root is compressed causing occipital, eye pain

what root is compressed causing neck, trapezius pain?

C3, C4

what root is compressed causing shoulder , lateral UE pain?

what root is compressed causing lateral forearm, digits 1&2 pain?C6

what root is compressed causing posterior arm, 3rd digit pain?C7

what root is compressed causing medial forearm, 4&5th digit pain?

for every inch of forward posture = increase in weight on _______ by ________ lbs

spine, 10

brachial neuralgia

severe non-radicular, non-peripheral nerve pattern of upper limb pain

5 spinal cord patterns

- transverse cord - hemicord lesion - central cord syndrome - posterior cord syndrome - anterior cord syndrome

botox injection for spasmotic torticollis, how many patients improved?

50 out of 60 (83%)

Root and Plexus Traction Palsy (burner and stinger)

sudden electrical jolt, burning pain or paresthesia into arm due to extreme lateral flexion of the neck; temporary neuropraxia

neck tongue syndrome-

- occurence of occipital pain and numbness with ipsilateral paresthesia of the tongue - afferent lingual nerve -> hypoglossal nerve -> C2 nerve root - caused by compression of C2 root between C1/C2, on rotation to one side (not both)

cervical sympathetic syndrome

- aka Barre-Lieou Syndrome - irritation of the cervical sympathetic ganglia/fibers within the carotid or vertebral artery by disease or trauma - suboccipital headache, vertigo and tinnutus, fatigue, temperature changes, bradycardia